| Summary: | Understanding how vegetation responds to various natural forcing factors helps us define the boundaries of natural environmental variability and provides valuable insights into predicting future vegetation changes. While significant progress has been made in exploring the connections of vegetation with astronomical forcing, atmospheric CO2 concentration and ice sheets, a comprehensive understanding of the distinct roles of astronomical forcing, CO2, and Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets in vegetation evolution is not yet well-detailed, particularly from a global perspective. Given the distinct differences in astronomical configurations, CO2 concentration, and NH ice sheet volume and distribution between Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 and 13, this study provides a complex and detailed view of the intricate dynamics of global vegetation responses to these forcings during these two interglacials, using both modeling and comparative analysis with proxy data and paleo reconstructions. (SC - Sciences) -- UCL, 2024
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