| Summary: | As a consequence of the polar melting suffered in recent years due to global warming, the Arctic sea route has gained importance over the more traditional routes, including the passage through the Straits of Malacca and Suez. According to the studies carried out by Nature Climate Change (2020), by 2035 it is expected that the so-called Northern route may be fully available for the transport of goods, due to the increase in temperatures and the disappearance of important polar ice caps. This article aims to describe the geopolitical relevance of the Arctic region for the coastal states: Canada, Denmark, the United States, Norway and Russia, as well as the claims over it in the coming years not only by the the Arctic’s Five but also by such other powers as China, which –while it is not a coastal country– has clear objectives regarding the area. Through documentary research on the priorities of these States, the strategic programs on the region and using the theory of structural realism as a framework of analysis, it is reported how the coastal countries of the North Pole have established actions from different spheres to achieve their objectives based on their capabilities within the international structure. Como consecuencia del deshielo polar sufrido en los últimos años por el calentamiento global, la ruta marítima ártica cobró importancia frente a las rutas tradicionales que comprenden el paso por los estrechos de Malaca y Suez. Según estudios de Nature Climate Change (2020), se espera que para 2035, la ruta del Norte pueda ser viable para el transporte de mercancías como resultado del incremento de las temperaturas y desaparición de varias capas de hielo polar. En este artículo se pretende describir la relevancia geopolítica de la región ártica para los Estados ribereños: Canadá, Dinamarca, Estados Unidos, Noruega y Rusia, así como sus pretensiones en los próximos años, no solo para los 5 del Ártico sino para otras potencias como China, que sin ser un país ribereño, tiene objetivos claros sobre la zona. A ...
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