The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island

We examine the interactions between herbivores, plants and climatic factors in arctic wetlands using, as a case study, results of our research on grazing by snow geese on Bylot Island. During the summer, geese are the most important herbivore on the island and consume a high proportion of the annual...

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Main Authors: Gauthier, Gilles, Rochefort, Line, Reed, Austin
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Geological Association of Canada 1996
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923
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spelling ftuninewbrunojs:oai:ojs.journals.lib.unb.ca:article/3923 2023-05-15T15:01:53+02:00 The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island Gauthier, Gilles Rochefort, Line Reed, Austin 1996-12-12 application/pdf https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923 eng eng Geological Association of Canada https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923/4437 https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923 Copyright (c) 2015 Geoscience Canada Geoscience Canada; Volume 23, Number 4 (1996) 1911-4850 0315-0941 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1996 ftuninewbrunojs 2022-07-11T11:47:57Z We examine the interactions between herbivores, plants and climatic factors in arctic wetlands using, as a case study, results of our research on grazing by snow geese on Bylot Island. During the summer, geese are the most important herbivore on the island and consume a high proportion of the annual graminoid production (grasses and sedges). Herbivores can sometimes enhance plant production by increasing the turnover rate of nitrogen, a nutrient which commonly limits growth of arctic plants. However, we found no evidence of positive feedback of grazing on plant growth and, on the contrary, chronic goose grazing tended to decrease production of these ecosystems in the long term. Geese need large quantities of high-quality plants to breed successfully, and negative effects on goose reproduction as a result of lack of food were detected. Herbivore populations are also influenced by climatic factors, either directly or indirectly through effects on plant growth. It is likely that tundra plant-herbivore systems will be strongly affected by future climatic changes. Résumé Nous examinons les interactions entre les herbivores, les plantes et les facteurs climatiques dans les terres humides arctiques en utilisant nos recherches sur le broutement par les oies des neiges à l'île Bylot comme étude de cas. Durant l'été, les oies sont les herbivores les plus importants de l'île et elles consomment une forte proportion de la production annuelle de graminoides. Les herbivores peuvent parfois stimuler la production végétale en augmentant le taux de recyclage de l'azote, un nutriment qui limite fréquemment la croissance des plantes arctiques. Cependant, nous n'avons pas trouvé d'évidence de rétroaction positive du broutement sur la croissance des plantes et, au contraire, le broutement chronique par les oies semblait diminuer la production de ces écosystèmes. Les oies ont besoin d'une grande quantité de plantes de haute qualité pour se reproduire avec succès, et des effets dépendants de la densité sur leur succès reproducteur ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctique* Bylot Island Tundra University of New Brunswick: Centre for Digital Scholarship Journals Arctic Bylot Island
institution Open Polar
collection University of New Brunswick: Centre for Digital Scholarship Journals
op_collection_id ftuninewbrunojs
language English
description We examine the interactions between herbivores, plants and climatic factors in arctic wetlands using, as a case study, results of our research on grazing by snow geese on Bylot Island. During the summer, geese are the most important herbivore on the island and consume a high proportion of the annual graminoid production (grasses and sedges). Herbivores can sometimes enhance plant production by increasing the turnover rate of nitrogen, a nutrient which commonly limits growth of arctic plants. However, we found no evidence of positive feedback of grazing on plant growth and, on the contrary, chronic goose grazing tended to decrease production of these ecosystems in the long term. Geese need large quantities of high-quality plants to breed successfully, and negative effects on goose reproduction as a result of lack of food were detected. Herbivore populations are also influenced by climatic factors, either directly or indirectly through effects on plant growth. It is likely that tundra plant-herbivore systems will be strongly affected by future climatic changes. Résumé Nous examinons les interactions entre les herbivores, les plantes et les facteurs climatiques dans les terres humides arctiques en utilisant nos recherches sur le broutement par les oies des neiges à l'île Bylot comme étude de cas. Durant l'été, les oies sont les herbivores les plus importants de l'île et elles consomment une forte proportion de la production annuelle de graminoides. Les herbivores peuvent parfois stimuler la production végétale en augmentant le taux de recyclage de l'azote, un nutriment qui limite fréquemment la croissance des plantes arctiques. Cependant, nous n'avons pas trouvé d'évidence de rétroaction positive du broutement sur la croissance des plantes et, au contraire, le broutement chronique par les oies semblait diminuer la production de ces écosystèmes. Les oies ont besoin d'une grande quantité de plantes de haute qualité pour se reproduire avec succès, et des effets dépendants de la densité sur leur succès reproducteur ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Gauthier, Gilles
Rochefort, Line
Reed, Austin
spellingShingle Gauthier, Gilles
Rochefort, Line
Reed, Austin
The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island
author_facet Gauthier, Gilles
Rochefort, Line
Reed, Austin
author_sort Gauthier, Gilles
title The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island
title_short The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island
title_full The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island
title_fullStr The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island
title_full_unstemmed The Exploitation of Wetland Ecosystems by Herbivores on Bylot Island
title_sort exploitation of wetland ecosystems by herbivores on bylot island
publisher Geological Association of Canada
publishDate 1996
url https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923
geographic Arctic
Bylot Island
geographic_facet Arctic
Bylot Island
genre Arctic
Arctique*
Bylot Island
Tundra
genre_facet Arctic
Arctique*
Bylot Island
Tundra
op_source Geoscience Canada; Volume 23, Number 4 (1996)
1911-4850
0315-0941
op_relation https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923/4437
https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/3923
op_rights Copyright (c) 2015 Geoscience Canada
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