Occupational analogs environments to the space challenge : Study of adaptive responses to stress and health countermeasures for operational support under constraint
Une version en anglais est disponible As dawn breaks on the next phase of long-duration space missions, exploring the stars has never seemed so possible. The next generation of astronauts will have to adapt to extreme living conditions. Similar conditions can be found in various analog environments...
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| Other Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
| Language: | French |
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HAL CCSD
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-04635716 https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-04635716/document https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-04635716/file/DDOC_T_2023_0296_LE_ROY.pdf https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-04635716/file/DDOC_T_2023_0296_LE_ROY_Annexes.pdf |
| Summary: | Une version en anglais est disponible As dawn breaks on the next phase of long-duration space missions, exploring the stars has never seemed so possible. The next generation of astronauts will have to adapt to extreme living conditions. Similar conditions can be found in various analog environments on Earth, and their study is an opportunity to improve our understanding of human adaptation under stress. These environments are marked by intense climatic conditions, a lack of natural light, extreme danger, limited facilities and supplies, isolation from loved ones, and unavoidable interactions with other crew members. They are rarely encountered by most human beings, and are mainly the domain of certain professions who spend a limited time in them. The aim of this thesis is thus: (1) to study the impact of space analog environments on human adaptive capacities (psychological, cognitive, physiological and sensory); and (2) to identify profiles of people who are at risk of maladaptation during the mission, and to evaluate countermeasures that can help to maintain the health and performance of astronauts.Five space analog environments (parabolic flight in partial and microgravity, a simulated nuclear, radiological, biological and chemical attack, a survival at sea exercise, life onboard a nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, and an Antarctic research base) were studied. These analogs were chosen as they correspond to various aspects of a space mission (the journey, danger, confinement, duration) and reflect the constraints found in space (isolation, confinement, the unusual, the extreme). Adaptation profiles were identified by modelling the network of psychosensory interactions, anda machine learning model applied to interoceptive and parasympathetic functioning prior to departure. A review of the literature on technologies and programs identified three countermeasures: a method to improve the integration of internal sensory information; the development of an immersive tool that enhances presence by ... |
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