Razmerje med risbo in grafiko v predšolskem obdobju

• Main Author: Zalar, Urša
• Other Authors: Frelih, Črtomir
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: grafika; graphics; sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=98982; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=108325&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/11872841?lang=sl

V magistrskem delu sem se ukvarjala z grafiko v predšolskem obdobju in z otroško risbo nasploh. Opisala sem značilnosti otroške risbe s pomočjo že obstoječih raziskav. Kaj otroška risba je, kaj pomeni nam odraslim, kaj otroci z njo izražajo. Navedla sem faze razvoja otroške risbe po letih ter opisala njihove značilnosti. V nadaljevanju sem se osredotočila na grafiko v zgodnjem obdobju otroškega likovnega izražanja. Prav tako sem s pomočjo literature raziskala značilnosti grafike v predšolskem obdobju. Zanimalo me je, v kolikšni meri se v vrtcu z grafiko dejansko ukvarjajo, katerih tehnik se poslužujejo in zakaj. Raziskala sem pogoje za drugačne vrste visokega tiska. Pedagoški del sem izvajala z dvaindvajsetimi otroki, v starosti od treh do šestih let. Risali so sebe, motiv, ki je primeren in tipičen za njihovo starost, na list papirja in kasneje na grafično ploščo. Raziskava temelji na primernosti grafične tehnike stirografija v predšolskem obdobju. Zanimalo me je, če bo tehnika risanja na mehke penaste plošče ter tiskanje v vrtcu izvedljiva in kako. Raziskovala sem, če je ročno tiskanje z vodnimi barvami v vrtcu možno in če otroci lahko sami odtiskujejo svoje grafike. Sama sem na Pedagoški fakulteti v grafičnem ateljeju nekaj matric odtisnila tudi z grafično prešo, tako da sem ugotavljala razlike v grafičnem odtisu glede na vrsto odtiskovanja. Predvidevala sem, da bo grafična tehnika s penastimi ploščami, tj. stirografija, otrokom v predšolskem obdobju zanimiva in izvedljiva. Stirografija je namreč drugačna grafična tehnika od ostalih tipičnih za predšolsko obdobje, zato menim, da bo to za vrtce nova pridobitev. Na koncu sem predstavila tudi svoje lastno delo v stirografiji z motivom gibanja v športu. In my thesis, I was dealing with graphics in preschool education and with children drawings in general. Based on existing researches, I described characteristics of children's drawing. What it is, what it means to grownups, how children can express with it. I stated all the stages of children's drawings. Further, I focused on describing all the graphics techniques in graphics in early period of children's artistic expression. With existing researches I explored graphics characteristics in preschool education. I was interested to see how much is graphics practicing in nursery schools, which techniques are they using and why. I was researching terms for different kind of relief printing and demonstrated new graphics technique, styrography. In pedagogical part of my thesis I was cooperating with twenty-two children, aged between three and six years. They were drawing themselves on a piece of paper and later on foamy board. This motive is suitable and typical for that age. My research is based on adequacy of this graphics technique in preschool education. I wanted to see if that new graphic technique would be practicable in nursery school and in what way. I did a research on printing by hand with watercolors in kindergarten and explored the ability of children doing graphic prints on their own. I did a few graphic prints on my own with graphic press in Faculty of education, so I could see some differences between printing by hand and graphic press. I predicted that this new technique, styrography, would be interesting and workable. Styrography is different from other techniques, which are typical for preschool education. That is why I think this could be a new acquisition for nursery schools. At the end of my thesis I also presented my own work in styrography, but with other motive. I was working on movement in sports.