Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na hranjenje z mlečno formulo

• Main Author: Naraglav, Sanja
• Other Authors: Vettorazzi, Renata
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2017
• Subjects: hranjenje dojenčkov; mlečne formule; zadovoljstvo; informiranost staršev; zdravstvena vzgoja; infant feeding; formula milk; contentment; parent's awareness; health eduacation; sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=91096; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=94703&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/5243499?lang=sl

Uvod: Pomemben dejavnik zgodnje rasti otrok predstavlja dobra začetna praksa hranjenja dojenčkov, predvsem dojenje in uvedba komplementarne prehrane. Kljub znanim prednostim dojenja je v številnih državah še vedno veliko dojenčkov hranjenih z mlečno formulo. Premalo je izobraževanja na tem področju. Naloga zdravstvenih delavcev je, da žensko že v času nosečnosti informirajo o pomenu dojenja in jo vključno s partnerjem vključijo v zdravstveno vzgojne programe za spodbujanje dojenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na hranjenje dojenčkov z mlečno formulo. Metode dela: Raziskava je temeljila na deskriptivni metodi kvantitativnega raziskovanja. Za zbiranje podatkov smo uporabili anketni vprašalnik. Raziskava je potekala od 17. decembra 2016 do 17. januarja 2017. Sodelovale so lahko matere, ki so imele v času raziskave otroka starega do dve leti. Podatke smo obdelali s pomočjo spletne strani EnKlikAnketa ter z računalniškim programom Microsoft Office Excel. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 259 mater, ki so svojega otroka hranile z mlečno formulo. Največ mater je mlečno formulo začelo uporabljati zaradi zdravstvenih razlogov, lažjega hranjenja v javnosti in zaradi enostavnega, hitrega in priročnega hranjenja. Največ informacij glede hranjenja otroka so matere dobile prek interneta, zdravstveno vzgojnih letakov, pediatra, babice in v šoli za starše. Večina mater ni pridobila dovolj informacij s strani zdravstvenih delavcev glede uporabe mlečnih formul. 59 % mater je zamenjalo vrsto mlečne formule, ostale so uporabljale isto vrsto. Za izbiro točno določene mlečne formule so se najpogosteje odločile na podlagi zdravstvenega stanja otroka, sestave mlečne formule, dostopnosti v trgovini, znamke mlečne formule in cene. Razprava in sklep: Tako raziskave v tujini kot pri nas kažejo, da matere za hranjenje dojenčkov pogosto uporabljajo mlečne formule. Potrebnih je več raziskav, s katerimi bi pridobili podatke o načinu hranjenja dojenčkov, uporabi mlečnih formul in razlogih, zaradi katerih matere posegajo po mlečnih formulah. Rezultati raziskave kažejo na večjo potrebo po zdravstveni vzgoji staršev. Bodoče starše je potrebno seznaniti s prednostmi dojenja, jim pomagati pri sami praksi hranjenja in jim nuditi tudi čustveno podporo. Introduction: Breastfeeding, along with milk formula and initiation of complementary food, are important factors in early growth and development of children. Despite all well known advantages of breastfeeding, is becoming the usage of milk formula something normal and everyday habit in countries around the world, probably because the lack of knowledge and education. Health-care workers are the one in charge and responsible for informing pregnant women about meaning of breastfeeding and integrate her in health-care education programs for encouraging breastfeeding. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find out which factors influence the feeding of infants with formula milk. Methods: To conduct the diploma thesis we have chosen descriptive quantitative methods, since we have included survey questionnaire as method of data gathering. The research proceeded from 17. December 2016 to 17. January 2017. Mothers, that were invited to participate, had a child at the age up to two. Data gathering was performed with web page EnKlikAnketa and the analysis of the measurments in program Microsoft Office Excel. Results: There were 259 mothers feeding their children with milk formula and participating in a research. Most of mothers started to use the formula because of the health issues, more comfortable feeding in the public and mostly because of easy, fast and useful way of feeding. Mothers got most of the information about feeding in the internet, health-care fliers, paediatrician, midwife and in school for parents. Majority didn't get enough information about milk formula from health-care workers. Based on health condition of child, the structure of milk formula, accessibility in stores, brand and price of the formula they have decided which one is the most appropriate. Discussion and conclusion: Researches, not only in our country but also in other countries, have shown that mothers are feeding their infants with formula milk very often. The lack of research in this field is reason for too little information about possibilities of infant feeding, usage of milk formulas and reasons for it. Result of research have shown that even more education of (future) parents is needed. There is necessary to introduce and familiarize expectant mothers and fathers with the advantages of breastfeeding, help them and offer the emotional support.