Perspektive koordinacijske kemije za vezavo ogljikovega dioksida

• Main Author: Bijek, Klavdija
• Other Authors: Perdih, Franc
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Ogljikov dioksid; koordinacija; vezava; kovinski kompleksi; Carbon dioxide; coordination; binding; metal complexes; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=128254; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=144932&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/71683075 ?lang=sl

V diplomskem delu sem raziskala problematiko ogljikovega dioksida in njegovo možnost vezave ter odstranjevanje iz okolja, saj na ta način zmanjšamo njegov vpliv na okolje. Ogljikov dioksid (CO2) je toplogredni plin, ki povzroča zniževanje pH vrednosti oceanov, vpliva na rastline in njihovo pospešeno rast, povzroča učinek tople grede in posledično globalno segrevanje, zaradi česar pride do taljenja ledenikov in naraščanja gladine oceanov. Da bi uspešno preprečili vplive na okolje se razvijajo metode za učinkovito vezavo v kovinsko organske komplekse z njihovo različno koordinacijo in različnimi ligandi. Kovinski kompleksi delujejo kot idealni heterogeni katalizatorji za aktivacijo CO2, omogočajo pa tudi številne kombinacije vezave različnih ligandov na kovinske ione. Nadaljnje raziskave se tako ukvarjajo predvsem z iskanjem najbolj optimalnih kombinacij kovinskih centrov in ligandov za nastanek kompleksov, ki bi omogočali vezavo CO2 pod blagimi pogoji, saj na ta način dosežemo tudi koncept »zelene kemije«. V delu so opisani sintezni postopki z uporabo CO2 za pridobivanje kemikalij, kot so: karbonati in karbamati, karboksilne kisline, metanol in sečnina. Opisan je tudi Kolbe-Schmittov postopek. In my thesis I researched the issue of carbon dioxide and its potential for binding, as well as disposal from the environment, as this reduces its impact on the environment. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas that causes ocean acidification, affects plants and their accelerated growth, causes the greenhouse effect and, as a result, global warming, leading to melting glaciers and rising ocean levels. In order to successfully prevent environmental impacts, methods are being developed to efficiently bind metal-organic complexes with their different coordination and different ligands. Metal complexes act as ideal heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 activation and their ability to bind in many combinations of different ligands to metal ions. Further research is therefore primarily concerned with finding the most optimal combinations of metal centers and ligands to form complexes, to bind CO2 under mild conditions, thus also achieving the concept of "green chemistry". The thesis describes synthetic processes using CO2 to produce chemicals such as: carbonates and carbamates, carboxylic acids, methanol and urea. The Kolbe-Schmidt process is also described.