Méthodes statistiques en télédétection RSO polarimétrique haute résolution pour la modélisation et le suivi temporel des glaciers.

This work introduces a general method for glaciers surface displacement estimation using High Resolution PolSAR images. With high resolution details, the texture tracking methods become useful and complementary to the classical differential interferometry methods which are difficult to implement in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Harant, Olivier
Other Authors: Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Rennes 1, Laurent FERRO-FAMIL
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:French
Published: HAL CCSD 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:https://theses.hal.science/tel-00863648
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00863648/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00863648/file/main_final.pdf
Description
Summary:This work introduces a general method for glaciers surface displacement estimation using High Resolution PolSAR images. With high resolution details, the texture tracking methods become useful and complementary to the classical differential interferometry methods which are difficult to implement in this context. The proposed method is based on the multivariate SAR images ratio likelihood. The use of the ratio and corresponding statistic distributions is well adapted to the multiplicative noise of such images. The extracted texture component from HR PolSAR data according to SIRV model is less sensitive to the variations of the snow surface than the classical intensity. The statistical modeling of such component is discussed and the benefit of Fisher modeling is highlighted. Some tests have been performed to analyze the behavior of various similarity criteria. The methodology is finally completed with advanced processing like hierarchical segmentation and the use of a flow model. Two test sites in French Alps with the Argentière glacier and in Antarctica with the Astrolabe glacier have been used to validate the proposed method. A preliminary study on sensor merging for displacement estimation is finally introduced. Ce travail de thèse propose une méthode générale d'estimation de déplacement de la surface des glaciers à partir d'images RSO polarimétriques à Haute Résolution spatiale. Les caractéristiques nouvelles de ces images offrent un niveau de détail propice au développement de nouvelles méthodes de suivi de texture complémentaires aux méthodes classiques d'interférométrie RADAR difficiles à mettre en oeuvre dans ce contexte. La méthode proposée est basée sur la vraisemblance du rapport d'images RSO multivariées. L'utilisation du rapport d'images RSO et des lois statistiques correspondantes offrent une souplesse adaptée aux caractéristiques des images RSO notamment au caractère multiplicatif du chatoiement. La texture extraite du jeu polarimétrique offre une bonne robustesse aux variations surfaciques de la ...