Prehistoric boats and rock art. New data from the shelter of Laja Alta (Jimena de la Frontera, Cádiz)

The Laja Alta rock shelter paintings (Jimena de la Frontera, Spain) are the clearest existing testimony of sailing vessels from ancient times in the western Mediterranean. The majority opinion of the research has dated the naval scene in the first or the end of the second mill. BC. This article offe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Complutum
Main Authors: Morgado, Antonio, García-Alfonso, Eduardo, García del Moral, Luis F., Benavides, José A., Rodríguez-Tovar, Francisco J., Esquivel, José A.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:Spanish
Published: Ediciones Complutense 2018
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Online Access:https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/CMPL/article/view/62580
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Summary:The Laja Alta rock shelter paintings (Jimena de la Frontera, Spain) are the clearest existing testimony of sailing vessels from ancient times in the western Mediterranean. The majority opinion of the research has dated the naval scene in the first or the end of the second mill. BC. This article offers new reproductions and data for a better understanding of the figures represented. Based on the results obtained, we propose a different hypothesis. The absolute dates confirm that the rock shelter was used in the IV-III mill. cal. BC., the Late Neolithic and Copper Age. It was a time of important community transformations. Besides, others datas (types of figures, cultural context, pigment analysis by optical reflectance and superposition of figures) do not deviate from the results dates. The topographical distribution indicates that the boats occupy a central position in the rock shelter. Thus, the boats are the main theme of the paintings of Laja Alta and the rest of the motifs are determined by the naval scene. This conclusion has important historical implications for the transfer of technologies, goods and ideas that shaped the societies of the Late Neolithic and Copper Age of the Western Europe and North Africa. Las representaciones esquemáticas del abrigo de Laja Alta (Jimena de la Frontera, España) son el testimonio más claro de la existencia en la antigüedad de embarcaciones a vela en el Mediterráneo occidental. Mayoritariamente se han venido adscribiendo al I o finales del II milenio a.C. Este artículo ofrece nuevos calcos y datos para una mejor comprensión del conjunto de motivos del abrigo. Entre los resultados obtenidos planteamos cuestionar la anterior cronología. Las dataciones absolutas confirman su frecuentación entre el IV-III milenio a.C., durante el Neolítico Reciente y Calcolítico del sur de Iberia. Una época de importantes transformaciones en la región. Además, el resto de resultados obtenidos son leídos en términos de datación relativa (tipos de motivos, su contexto cultural, análisis de ...