Antibacterial activity of extracts and compounds isolated from the Andean medicinal plant Azorella cryptantha (Clos) Reiche, Apiaceae

• Main Author: Palermo, Jorge Alejandro
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: Antibacterial activity; Azorella cryptantha; Chrysothol; Madreporanone; Stachytriol; Bioassay; Escherichia coli; Ethers; Microorganisms; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Plant extracts; Plants (botany); Salmonella; Anti-bacterial activity; Bacteria; alcohol; antimicrobial activity; bacterium; herb; medicinal plant; plant extract; population structure; Andenes; Andoya; Norway; Vesteralen; Apiaceae; Bacteria (microorganisms); Croton ovalifolius; Enterobacteriaceae; Negibacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Salmonella enteritidis; Salmonella sp; Staphylococcus aureus; Yersinia; Yersinia enterocolitica; Argentina; Cuerno
• Online Access: https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_09266690_v64_n_p152_Lima; https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_09266690_v64_n_p152_Lima

Azorella cryptantha (Clos) Reiche, Apiaceae, vernacular name "yerba del soldado or cuerno de cabra" is a medicinal herb that grows in the Andean mountains (Argentina). An infusion or decoction of the leaves is employed as cholagogue and digestive, usually to treat food-borne illnesses associated with enterobacteria. Extracts and compounds from two Argentinean populations were subjected to antibacterial assays against pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and Yersinia enterocolitica) and Gram (+) Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant microorganisms. The antibacterial activity-guided fractionation against a panel of ATCC and clinically isolated bacteria was done according to CLSI protocols. The petroleum ether extracts from both populations showed strong antibacterial activity against S. enteritidis with MIC values from 125 to 250μg/ml, and also towards methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram negative strains E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp. and Yersinia enterocolítica-PI, (MICs between 400 and 1000μg/ml). Fractions from the petroleum extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity, against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, E. coli-LM1, E. coli-LM2, and Salmonella enteritidis-MI, with MICs values between 31.2 and 125μg/ml. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the petroleum ether extracts led to the isolation of nine terpenes: azorellolide (1), mulinol (2), stachytriol (3),1α,10β,4β,5α-diepoxy-7β-germacran-6β-ol (4), 1β,10α,4β,5α-diepoxy-7β-germacran-6β-ol (5), 1,2,3,3α,4,5,6,7,8,8α-decahydro-7-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1,4-dimethylazulene-3α,8α-diol (6), madreporanone (7), yaretol (8) and chrysotol or 6β,10β-epoxy-4α-hydroxyguaiane (9). Compounds 3, 5, 6 and 9 are reported here for the first time from A. cryptantha. Their structures and relative configurations have been determinated by means 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Chrysothol (9), madreporanone (7), and stachytriol (3) showed strong antimicrobial activities ...