| Summary: | Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change on Earth may be due to natural internal processes or external forcing, or to persistent anthropogenic perturbation of the composition of the atmosphere or of land use. The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change states that the warming of the climate system is unequivocal. Moreover, there is a high level of confidence that this warming is a result of human activities releasing greenhouse gases to the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and agricultural activities. A range of future greenhouse gas emission scenarios are also presented, based on estimates of economic growth, technological development and international cooperation. In all scenarios temperatures continue to rise worldwide, with global mean temperatures averaging plus 2 to 4 °C by the end of the century, accompanied by changes in the amounts and patterns of precipitation. The predicted rate of warming seems to be faster than ever recorded and in particular over the last 2000 years, and also since the Earth was exiting the Little Ice Age. There will also be an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature and precipitation events at any time of the year, regardless of the season. If the evidence of climate change is unequivocal, is climate change triggering more landslides, or will it in the future? Intuitively, yes: climate changes have the potential to modify the stability of slopes, both natural and constructed. This issue is important and urgent, no matter what are the actual causes of climate changes. It has been proved that most landslides are caused by saturated soil moisture conditions and by loss in soil strength, triggered by climatically-controlled processes, such as intense and/or prolonged precipitation events, rapid snowmelt, glacier thinning, permafrost ...
|
|---|