Evaluation of terrestrial pan-Arctic carbon cycling using a data-assimilation system

There is a significant knowledge gap in the current state of the terrestrial carbon (C) budget. Recent studies have highlighted a poor understanding particularly of C pool transit times and of whether productivity or biomass dominate these biases. The Arctic, accounting for approximately 50% of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Earth System Dynamics
Main Authors: López-Blanco, Efrén, Exbrayat, Jean Francois, Lund, Magnus, Christensen, Torben R., Tamstorf, Mikkel P., Slevin, Darren, Hugelius, Gustaf, Bloom, Anthony A., Williams, Mathew
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2019
Subjects:
EDDY COVARIANCE TECHNIQUE
NET ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTION
LAND-SURFACE MODELS
LEAF-AREA INDEX
SOIL CARBON
PERMAFROST CARBON
PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
HIGH-LATITUDES
USE EFFICIENCY
GLOBAL CARBON
Arctic
permafrost
taiga
Tundra
Online Access:https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/95748572-ce02-4660-8e34-506d3ac23cba
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-233-2019
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064966516&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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Summary:There is a significant knowledge gap in the current state of the terrestrial carbon (C) budget. Recent studies have highlighted a poor understanding particularly of C pool transit times and of whether productivity or biomass dominate these biases. The Arctic, accounting for approximately 50% of the global soil organic C stocks, has an important role in the global C cycle. Here, we use the CARbon DAta MOdel (CARDAMOM) data-assimilation system to produce pan-Arctic terrestrial C cycle analyses for 2000-2015. This approach avoids using traditional plant functional type or steady-state assumptions. We integrate a range of data (soil organic C, leaf area index, biomass, and climate) to determine the most likely state of the high-latitude C cycle at a 11 resolution and also to provide general guidance about the controlling biases in transit times. On average, CARDAMOM estimates regional mean rates of photosynthesis of 565 gCm2 yr1 (90% confidence interval between the 5th and 95th percentiles: 428, 741), autotrophic respiration of 270 g Cm2 yr1 (182, 397) and heterotrophic respiration of 219 g Cm2 yr1 (31, 1458), suggesting a pan-Arctic sink of 67 (287, 1160) gCm2 yr1, weaker in tundra and stronger in taiga. However, our confidence intervals remain large (and so the region could be a source of C), reflecting uncertainty assigned to the regional data products. We show a clear spatial and temporal agreement between CARDAMOM analyses and different sources of assimilated and independent data at both pan-Arctic and local scales but also identify consistent biases between CARDAMOM and validation data. The assimilation process requires clearer error quantification for leaf area index (LAI) and biomass products to resolve these biases. Mapping of vegetation C stocks and change over time and soil C ages linked to soil C stocks is required for better analytical constraint. Comparing CARDAMOM analyses to global vegetation models (GVMs) for the same period, we conclude that transit times of vegetation C are inconsistently ...

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