Analysis of partial migration strategies of Central European raptors based on ring re-encounter data
The phenomenon of partial migration in birds in which some individuals of a population are migratory while others stay in the breeding area is of increasing scientific interest. The strategies of partial migratory raptors from Central Europe are, however, unclear for most species. We analysed ring r...
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| Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Online Access: | https://epub.ub.uni-greifswald.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/2227 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-22270 https://epub.ub.uni-greifswald.de/files/2227/HOLTEDiss_BIB.pdf |
| Summary: | The phenomenon of partial migration in birds in which some individuals of a population are migratory while others stay in the breeding area is of increasing scientific interest. The strategies of partial migratory raptors from Central Europe are, however, unclear for most species. We analysed ring re-encounter data of Common Kestrels Falco tinnunculus, Eurasian Sparrowhawks Accipter nisus and Common Buzzards Buteo buteo ringed in Germany in terms of distances and directions between ringing and re-encounter sites. We investigated possible differences between sexes and age classes, as well as effects of ringing region, seasonal weather (in the form of North Atlantic Oscillation indices) and long-term temporal changes (including climate change) on migratory strategies by means of generalized linear models. We found that migration is mostly conducted by juveniles, although migratory adults were also found. In general, males tend to migrate less than females and juveniles less than adults. Kestrels showed differences between age classes and sexes and they responded to weather in summer and autumn. The migration activities of Kestrels decreased over years. Sparrowhawks from different regions showed no differences in migration activity and no responses to long-term temporal changes. They did not respond to seasonal weather either. Buzzards showed strong responses to winter weather (‘winter escapes’) predominantly in highland regions, and a reduction of migratory intensity probably due to global warming. The explanatory power of ringing data, however, is limited by low re-encounter rates and temporal and spatial heterogeneity in re-encounter probability. Spatial heterogeneity mainly depends on the distribution of observers as well as on their willingness to report a re-encountered ring to the corresponding ringing scheme. We analyzed a data set of ringing and re-encounter data of Kestrels, Buzzards and Sparrowhawks provided by the EURING Data Bank. We calculated monthly re-encounter rates across Europe and, for ... |
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