Reconstruction du climat et de l’environnement des derniers 800 000 ans à partir des carottes de glace – variabilité orbitale et millénaire.

Unique results have been obtained from ice core research over the last 40 years documenting the evolution of polar temperature and atmospheric composition at millennial and orbital timescales over the last 800 000 years. Recent progresses on coherent ice core dating integrated stratigraphic markers...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Quaternaire
Main Author: Landais, Amaëlle
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:French
Published: Association française pour l’étude du quaternaire 2016
Subjects:
geo
Online Access:http://journals.openedition.org/quaternaire/7664
Description
Summary:Unique results have been obtained from ice core research over the last 40 years documenting the evolution of polar temperature and atmospheric composition at millennial and orbital timescales over the last 800 000 years. Recent progresses on coherent ice core dating integrated stratigraphic markers as well as a bayesian method. This led to an easy compilation of various ice core records. Moreover, new measurements in polar ice cores and dating improvements enabled one to quantify the phasing between temperature and CO2 concentration in atmosphere. Initial rises in CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are synchronous over the last two deglaciations within ± 200 years. High resolution measurements in ice cores and efforts in relative dating between Greenland and Antarctic have led to an accurate description of the millennial variability of the last glacial period: in addition to the bipolar seesaw mechanism, a regional climate variability has been evidenced in Antarctica. Finally, ice cores are also very useful to document the ice sheet – climate system in a warmer world. Recent reconstructions inferred from Greenland ice cores indeed suggest that the temperature of the last interglacial was 8°C warmer than today in Greenland. Au cours des 40 dernières années, la recherche sur les carottes de glace a produit des résultats de référence pour l’évolution de la température polaire et de la composition atmosphérique au cours des 800 000 dernières années sur les échelles de temps orbitales et millénaires. Plus récemment, des progrès ont été faits dans la datation cohérente des carottes de glace en intégrant des marqueurs stratigraphiques et une méthode d’analyse bayésienne. Ces progrès permettent de compiler facilement les différents enregistrements issus des carottes de glace. Les avancées récentes dans l’analyse et la datation des carottes de glace ont permis de mieux documenter le déphasage entre augmentation de température et augmentation de concentration de dioxyde de carbone dans l’atmosphère. Lors des ...