Chapitre IV. Les ancêtres chamanes

The shamans think their best helping spirits are their shaman-ancestors. A myth associated with each shaman-ancestor is presented and analyzed. One of these tells the story of the shaman who was hunted as if he were a reindeer by his people in order to obtain good luck for the hunt and then fished l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Études mongoles et sibériennes, centrasiatiques et tibétaines
Main Author: Lambert, Jean-Luc
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:French
Published: Centre d'Etudes Mongoles & Sibériennes / École Pratique des Hautes Études 2009
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Online Access:http://journals.openedition.org/emscat/1374
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Summary:The shamans think their best helping spirits are their shaman-ancestors. A myth associated with each shaman-ancestor is presented and analyzed. One of these tells the story of the shaman who was hunted as if he were a reindeer by his people in order to obtain good luck for the hunt and then fished like a burbot to obtain good luck in fishing. Another myth recounts the shaman who confronted a wolf which after staying in a woman’s belly is transformed into a skillful hunter. Still another has a female shaman who abandones herself to the smallpox spirit to save her camp. And so on. These supposed ancestors are mythical. Why don’t the Nganasan shamans invoke their real ancestors, who were famous and powerful shamans? Les chamanes estiment que leurs ancêtres chamanes figurent parmi leurs meilleurs esprits-auxiliaires. À chaque ancêtre chamane revendiqué est associé un mythe, qui est présenté et analysé. L’un décrit un chamane que les siens chassent comme un renne pour avoir de la chance à la chasse, puis tentent de pêcher comme une lotte pour avoir de la chance à la pêche un autre met en scène un chamane affrontant un loup qui, après un séjour dans le ventre d’une femme, sera transformé en habile chasseur un autre encore montre une femme-chamane qui se donne à l’esprit de la variole pour sauver son campement, etc. Ces ancêtres supposés sont mythiques. Pourquoi donc les chamanes nganassanes ne revendiquent-ils pas leurs ancêtres réels, qui ont pourtant été des chamanes puissants et réputés ?