Le retour de la Turquie en Méditerranée : la « profondeur stratégique » turque en Méditerranée pré- et post-printemps arabe

The image of the Mediterranean has never been stable in the Turkish imaginary. Successively perceived as a space of expansion, defeat, confrontation, economic stagnation, and cultural backwardness, the Mediterranean has often produced a reflex of avoidance if not rejection in the Turkish subconsciou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cahiers de la Méditerranée
Main Author: Jabbour, Jana
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:French
Published: Centre de la Méditerranée moderne et contemporaine 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journals.openedition.org/cdlm/7671
Description
Summary:The image of the Mediterranean has never been stable in the Turkish imaginary. Successively perceived as a space of expansion, defeat, confrontation, economic stagnation, and cultural backwardness, the Mediterranean has often produced a reflex of avoidance if not rejection in the Turkish subconscious. However, in 2002, the accession to power of a new political elite represented by the AKP has changed that vision: rather than being a space to be avoided, the Mediterranean is seen as a useful and functional space to be exploited. In the minds of the AKP strategists, the Mediterranean has an instrumental function: it must serve as a “hinterland” necessary for the emergence of Turkey as a regional and global power. This “rediscovery” and re-valuation by the Turks of the Mediterranean under the AKP has led to Turkey’s comeback to its “White Sea”. Turkey indeed has re-engaged with the Mediterranean on the basis of complex calculations and through specific strategies typical of middle powers. However, the Arab revolutions that shook the Eastern Mediterranean have dealt a blow to the regional emergence of Ankara, perhaps causing in the near future a stepping back and a de-Mediterraneanization of Turkey. L’image de la Méditerranée n’a jamais été stable dans l’imaginaire turc. Étant successivement perçue comme un espace d’expansion, de défaite, de confrontation, de stagnation économique et d’arriération civilisationnelle/culturelle, la Méditerranée a souvent suscité un réflexe d’évitement si ce n’est de rejet dans l’inconscient turc. Toutefois, en 2002, l’accession au pouvoir d’une nouvelle élite politique représentée par l’AKP change la donne : d’un espace à éviter, la Méditerranée devient un espace utile et fonctionnel à investir. Dans l’esprit des stratèges de l’AKP, la Méditerranée a en effet une fonction instrumentale : elle doit servir d’« hinterland » et de tremplin nécessaire à l’accession de la Turquie au rang de puissance régionale puis à terme mondiale. Cette « redécouverte » et cette revalorisation par les ...