Linking glacially modified waters to catchment-scale subglacial discharge using autonomous underwater vehicle observations

Measurements of near-ice (< 200 m) hydrography and near-terminus subglacial hydrology are lacking, due in large part to the difficulty in working at the margin of calving glaciers. Here we pair detailed hydrographic and bathymetric measurements collected with an autonomous underwater vehicle as c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Cryosphere
Main Authors: L. A. Stevens, F. Straneo, S. B. Das, A. J. Plueddemann, A. L. Kukulya, M. Morlighem
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2016
Subjects:
geo
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-417-2016
http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/417/2016/tc-10-417-2016.pdf
https://doaj.org/article/f7c4f6a16d4345ae9f3548a101d21369
Description
Summary:Measurements of near-ice (< 200 m) hydrography and near-terminus subglacial hydrology are lacking, due in large part to the difficulty in working at the margin of calving glaciers. Here we pair detailed hydrographic and bathymetric measurements collected with an autonomous underwater vehicle as close as 150 m from the ice–ocean interface of the Saqqarliup sermia–Sarqardleq Fjord system, West Greenland, with modeled and observed subglacial discharge locations and magnitudes. We find evidence of two main types of subsurface glacially modified water (GMW) with distinct properties and locations. The two GMW locations also align with modeled runoff discharged at separate locations along the grounded margin corresponding with two prominent subcatchments beneath Saqqarliup sermia. Thus, near-ice observations and subglacial discharge routing indicate that runoff from this glacier occurs primarily at two discrete locations and gives rise to two distinct glacially modified waters. Furthermore, we show that the location with the largest subglacial discharge is associated with the lighter, fresher glacially modified water mass. This is qualitatively consistent with results from an idealized plume model.