Modélisation des effets de la configuration spatiale des interventions de coupes sur la mortalité du caribou des bois en forêt boréale

The aim of this project was to assess the impact of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on adult mortality of the boreal ecotype of woodland caribou (Ranfiger tarandus)in landscapes inhabited by the gray wolf (Canis lupus) and an alternative prey, the moose (Alces alces). We used an individu...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Vanlandeghem, Virginie
Other Authors: Fortin, Daniel, Drapeau, Pierre
Format: Thesis
Language:French
Published: Université Laval 2019
Subjects:
geo
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37594
Description
Summary:The aim of this project was to assess the impact of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on adult mortality of the boreal ecotype of woodland caribou (Ranfiger tarandus)in landscapes inhabited by the gray wolf (Canis lupus) and an alternative prey, the moose (Alces alces). We used an individual-based model to simulate movements of agents, which are virtual individuals of each species, moving in virtual landscapes. Agents moved according to movement rules determined from field studies conducted on radio-collared caribou, moose and wolves. Virtual landscapes were shaped by various forest managements, differing in disturbance level sand spatial configuration of cuts and roads. The number of caribou killed by wolves increased with increasing disturbance levels. Also, for a given level of disturbance, caribou mortality varied with the spatial distribution of forest activities. Predation risk of caribou was higher in landscapes with extensive road networksand high degree of forest fragmentation. Thus, habitat management plans for boreal caribou should not only focus on assessing habitat disturbance thresholds but also consider the effect of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on caribou mortality in order to reduce the impact of predation due to natural resource extraction on the ecotype’s populations. Ce projet vise à évaluer l’effet de la configuration spatiale des coupes forestières et des routes sur la mortalité des adultes du caribou des bois (Ranfiger tarandus), écotype forestier, dans des paysages habités par le loup gris (Canis lupus) et une proie alternative, l’orignal (Alces alces). Nous avons utilisé un modèle centré sur l’individu pour modéliser les déplacements d’agents, représentant des individusfictifs de chaque espèce, dans des environnements virtuels. Les agents se déplaçaient selon des règles de déplacement établies à partir de l’analyse des données de suivis télémétriques de caribous, d’orignaux et de loups. Les environnements virtuels étaient façonnés par différents aménagements ...