| Summary: | In 1996 two days of intense rainfalls caused severe flooding in the Saguenay region and a new sediment layer was deposited on the upstream area of the Saguenay fjord. In the past, this area was exposed to the uncontrolled discharge of industrial effluents and the sediments were contaminated. The new sediment layer buried the contaminated sediments and constitutes a natural barrier of cleaner material, which isolates the contaminants from the water column. A new numerical model (TRANSCAP-1D) was developed in order to estimate the effectiveness of the natural barrier in isolating the contaminated sediments from the overlying water column. The model simulates the migration of dissolved compounds in a sediment column and includes advection, diffusion/dispersion and the effect of bio-irrigation. The mathematical formulation represents a double porosity medium, composed of sediment pores and tubes or burrows dug by worms. The model was calibrated using the concentration profiles of dissolved arsenic measured at two stations of the Saguenay fjord, after the capping event. Thereafter, a sensitivity analysis was performed in order to evaluate the impact of certain parameters showing a great variability and uncertainty at the studied sites. The results indicate that the parameters associated to bio-irrigation have a significant impact on the migration of dissolved contaminants towards the water column. Thereafter, we performed an uncertainty analysis, using the Monte Carlo method. The results were integrated in a decision analysis for the design of a capping layer in a hypothetical case of sediment remediation. The presented case considers a contaminated site regularly frequented by the beluga population of the St. Lawrence Estuary. The example illustrates the advantages of the application of the decision analysis method, which is used to find the least cost option, considering the costs and failure risks associated to the remediation project. Suite au déluge qui a marqué la région du Saguenay en 1996, une couche de ...
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