Maisons en communauté et cabanes dans la toundra
This article examines two types of housing used by Inuit in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: the house in the modern communities, a home that has emerged after World War II, and the cabin or shack built by Inuit in the tundra, a type of house that became very common when Inuit moved into permanent settl...
| Published in: | Recherches amérindiennes au Québec |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | unknown |
| Published: |
Consortium Erudit
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/raq/2017-v47-n1-raq03367/1042897ar.pdf https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/raq/2017-v47-n1-raq03367/1042897ar.pdf https://doi.org/10.7202/1042897ar https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/raq/2017-v47-n1-raq03367/1042897ar/ https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2791642525 https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1042897ar |
| Summary: | This article examines two types of housing used by Inuit in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: the house in the modern communities, a home that has emerged after World War II, and the cabin or shack built by Inuit in the tundra, a type of house that became very common when Inuit moved into permanent settlements. Using ethnographic materials from Nunavik and Nunavut, the authors show that Inuit only partially appropriate the modern-day habitat in which they live. On the other hand, even though the house in a community is now widely accepted, Inuit still associate the tundra with a healthier and regenerating space. It is there that they build their shacks, which they occupy more and which illustrate a nomadic habitus. The idea of a strictly individual property, however, worries the elders for whom nuna, the earth, cannot be appropriated by human beings. Thus, even if there is an appropriation that can be traced linguistically, the contemporary house and the shack still evoke in some respects the tent and the igloo. The nomadic habitus is however at a turning point. Cet article examine deux types d’habitations utilisées par les Inuits de l’Arctique de l’Est canadien : la maison moderne en communauté, qui s’est imposée depuis le lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, et la cabane dans la toundra (cabin ou shack), qui a connu un véritable engouement avec la sédentarisation permanente. À partir de matériaux ethnographiques relatifs au Nunavik et au Nunavut, les auteurs montrent que les Inuits ne s’approprient qu’en partie l’habitat de type moderne dans lequel ils vivent. Par ailleurs, même si la maison située dans un espace communautaire est aujourd’hui largement acceptée, les Inuits associent toujours la toundra à un espace plus sain et plus régénérant. C’est là qu’ils construisent de nouvelles habitations sous la forme de cabanons aménagés qu’ils s’approprient davantage et qui laissent apparaître encore plus un habitus nomade. L’idée d’une propriété strictement individuelle inquiète toutefois les plus âgés, pour qui ... |
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