Cazar al lobo, revelar el pasado y orientar el futuro entre los pastores nómadas de Mongolia
In Mongolia, in wintertime, the nomadic herders of sheep, goats, cows and horses often have to face the repeated attacks of wolves on their herds. At dawn, the wolves come down from the surrounding hills to attack the herds, and when the herders wake up, they discover in astonishment that a calf has...
| Published in: | Anthropologie et Sociétés |
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| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | French |
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Département d’anthropologie de l’Université Laval
2018
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| Online Access: | http://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/as/2018-v42-n2-3-as04040/1052637ar.pdf https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/as/2018-v42-n2-3-as04040/1052637ar.pdf https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1052637ar https://doi.org/10.7202/1052637ar https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/as/2018-v42-n2-3-as04040/1052637ar/ https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2899159021 |
| Summary: | In Mongolia, in wintertime, the nomadic herders of sheep, goats, cows and horses often have to face the repeated attacks of wolves on their herds. At dawn, the wolves come down from the surrounding hills to attack the herds, and when the herders wake up, they discover in astonishment that a calf has disappeared or that many deadly injured sheep and goats are lying on the ground. When the number of attacks increases, the herders must hunt the wolves. This article examines the divinatory and propitiatory actions carried out by the herders to predict and to generate the catch of the game, and more particularly the grey wolf (canis lupus chanco). Through an analysis of the use of an astrological calendar and of rituals of divination and devotion, the author argues that the herders actualize three coexisting regimes of causality (mechanical, non-relational and relational) in order to reduce the random characteristics proper to hunting. Each regime of causality involves a peculiar subjectivity of the hunter. En Mongolie, durant l’hiver, les éleveurs nomades de moutons, de chèvres, de vaches et de chevaux doivent souvent faire face aux attaques répétées des loups sur leurs troupeaux. Au petit matin les loups descendent des collines environnantes pour fondre sur le bétail, et, au réveil, les éleveurs découvrent avec stupeur qu’un veau a disparu ou que plusieurs moutons et chèvres mortellement blessés jonchent le sol. Lorsque les attaques des loups se multiplient, il devient nécessaire de les chasser. Cet article propose une analyse des procédures divinatoires et propitiatoires que des éleveurs nomades mongols mobilisent afin de prédire, mais aussi de faire advenir la prise de gibier et, plus spécifiquement, celle du loup gris (canis lupus chanco). À travers l’analyse de la consultation d’un calendrier astrologique, de rituels de divination et de dévotion, l’auteur examine la coexistence de trois régimes de causalité différents (mécaniste, non-relationnel et relationnel) que les éleveurs mobilisent pour réduire la ... |
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