| Summary: | To further our understanding on the evolution, selectivity, and ecological composition of marine communities following the latest Permian mass extinction, new collections from underrepresented regions in the immediate extinction aftermath are required. Here, we provide new systematic data and the first palaeobiological account of the benthic invertebrate community from the Great Bank of Guizhou, South China. We systematically describe 3 brachiopod species, 26 bivalve species, 11 gastropod species, 1 microconchid, and 1 crinoid species. The descriptions include five new species; two bivalve species (Hoernesia? danisae, Atomodesma? hautmanni) and three gastropod species (Donaldina erwini, Cossmannina alfischeri, and Vernelia samae). This is the most species-rich benthic community known so far from the extinction aftermath, which is typically characterised by a high proportion of Permian holdover genera and cosmopolitan taxa. Taxonomically, this community is different from coeval faunas with dissimilarity values > 60%. Ecologically, however, this fauna is similar to faunas from the Dolomites (Italy), and East Greenland. This new data, therefore, suggests that the lower Griesbachian invertebrate faunas were taxonomically heterogeneous, whereas ecologically they were relatively homogenous. The marine community on the Great Bank of Guizhou records genera that survived the mass extinction event with some, but not all, recording a size reduction, i.e., the Lilliput effect. The absence of large body fossils and the preferential survival of small species suggest that the mass extinction event was size-selective. GBG_Accession_numbersAccession numbers for the specimens identified in this study.H.parvus occurrencesOccurrences used for palaeoecological analysis
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