Le vocabulaire des directions cardinales dans les dialectes du continuum cri-innu-naskapi-atikamekw
The aim of this article is to describe the vocabulary of cardinal directions in languages belonging to the geographical branch of Central Algonquian and, particularly, for the dialects belonging to the Cree-Innu-Naskapi-Atikamekw continuum. The analysis of the morphology and the semantics of the wor...
Published in: | Journal de la société des américanistes |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | French |
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Société des américanistes
2015
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4000/jsa.14009 http://journals.openedition.org/jsa/14009 |
Summary: | The aim of this article is to describe the vocabulary of cardinal directions in languages belonging to the geographical branch of Central Algonquian and, particularly, for the dialects belonging to the Cree-Innu-Naskapi-Atikamekw continuum. The analysis of the morphology and the semantics of the words (particles, verbs and nouns) which express cardinal directions shows that these languages use four sources of lexicalization in order to name the cardinal directions: sun cycle, wind direction, river flow, wind/cardinal deity. The data from the Eastern dialects of the Cree-Innu-Naskapi-Atikamekw continuum indicate that in traditional societies the referent which serves as the source of lexicalization for cardinal directions (that is, river flow and sun cycle) is more salient than the direction itself and that some economic, social, cultural and religious changes, provoked by the presence of persons and institutions belonging to the dominant society may accelerate lexical overlaps and replacement in the lexical domain of cardinal directions. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une étymologie comparée du vocabulaire des directions cardinales dans les langues et dialectes appartenant à la branche géographique de l’algonquien du Centre et, plus particulièrement, dans les dialectes appartenant au continuum cri-innu-naskapi-atikamekw. L’analyse de la morphologie et de la sémantique des mots (particules, verbes et substantifs) qui servent à exprimer les directions cardinales montre que ces langues font usage de quatre sources de lexicalisation pour nommer les directions cardinales (cycle du soleil, direction du vent, cours des rivières et déité éolienne/cardinale). Les données des dialectes plus orientaux du continuum cri-innu-naskapi-atikamekw indiquent que, dans les sociétés traditionnelles, le référent qui sert de source de lexicalisation des termes de directions (cours des rivières et cycle du soleil) est souvent plus saillant que la direction elle-même, et que certains changements économiques, sociaux, ... |
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