| Summary: | The global climate simulations described in this report constitute Ireland’s contribution to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) (phase 6) (CMIP6) and will be included for assessment in the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). Since 1995, CMIP has co-ordinated climate model experiments involving multiple international modelling teams. The CMIP project has led to a better understanding of past, present and future climate, and CMIP model experiments have routinely been the basis for future climate change assessments carried out by the IPCC. The CMIP phase 5 (CMIP5) simulations have demonstrated the added value of improved models and enhanced resolution when compared with outputs from the CMIP phase 3 (CMIP3) project. This improvement in skill is expected to continue with the CMIP6 simulations. The EC-Earth consortium participated in CMIP5 and is currently participating in CMIP6 using a model that includes biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric chemistry. The current version of EC-Earth is based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecast System (IFS) atmospheric model, the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) model, the Louvainla-Neuve sea ice model (LIM3), the atmospheric Tracer Model version 5 (TM5), the Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator (LPJ-GUESS) vegetation model and the Pelagic Interactions Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies (PISCES) ocean biogeochemistry model. Coupling is provided by OASIS3-MCT (the Ocean Atmosphere Sea Ice Soil – OASIS – coupler interfaced with the Model Coupling Toolkit – MCT). As part of the current project, the EC-Earth Atmosphere–Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) configuration was employed. The atmosphere was simulated with ~79-km horizontal grid spacings (T255) and 91 vertical levels. The ocean was simulated with 1-degree horizontal resolution and 75 vertical levels. In total, five historical (1850–2014) and 20 Scenario Model ...
|
|---|