Development of a model to assess masking potential for marine mammals by the use of air guns in Antarctic waters:

We estimated the long-range effects of air gun array noise on marine mammal communication ranges in the Southern Ocean. Air gun impulses are subject to significant distortion during propagation, potentially resulting in a quasi- continuous sound. Propagation modeling to estimate the received wavefor...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wittekind, D., Tougaard, J., Stilz, P., Dähne, M., Clark, C.W., Lucke, K., Benda-Beckmann, A.M. von, Ainslie, M.A., Siebert, U.
Format: Book Part
Language:English
Published: New York: Springer 2016
Subjects:
Biology
Mysticetes
Pinnipeds
Seismic
Air guns
Antarctica
Frequency modulation
Marine mammals
Masking
Noise pollution
Process development
Sensory nerve conduction
Signal noise ratio
Sound analysis
Sound intensity
Sound propagation modeling
Vocalization
Waveform
Defence Research
Defence
Safety and Security
Observation
Weapon & Protection Systems
AS - Acoustics & Sonar
TS - Technical Sciences
Antarctic
Southern Ocean
Antarc*
Online Access:http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b85fa7c4-95a4-411f-a434-851a8fc682b4
Description
Summary:We estimated the long-range effects of air gun array noise on marine mammal communication ranges in the Southern Ocean. Air gun impulses are subject to significant distortion during propagation, potentially resulting in a quasi- continuous sound. Propagation modeling to estimate the received waveform was conducted. A leaky integrator was used as a hearing model to assess communication masking in three species due to intermittent/continuous air gun sounds. Air gun noise is most probably changing from impulse to continuous noise between 1,000 and 2,000 km from the source, leading to a reduced communication range for, e.g., blue and fin whales up to 2,000 km from the source. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016.

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