| Summary: | With population growth, health care around the world depends heavily on the consumption of drugs, reflecting the expansion and continuous increase of the global drug market for population demand. Although the benefits of responsible use of these substances for human health are recognized, there is, however, a growing concern about the potential adverse effects of drugs on living beings, through aquatic matrices. Pharmaceutical contamination is an aggravating factor for public and environmental health, as they are discarded at different stages of their life cycle, from their use to their disposal in water bodies through wastewater treatment plants around the world, having been described in literature the occurrence of these compounds in remote environments such as Antarctica. Several countries such as the USA, Canada and New Zealand or the member countries of the European Union, based on the environmental commissions, list the priority compounds for future monitoring and regulation. In Brazil, as it is the fifth largest pharmaceutical market, in addition to self-medication habits, and the pandemic context, the pharmaceutical contamination scenario aggravated by the lack of sanitation, such as multiple sources of emissions and contamination routes (diffuse and punctual pollution from sewage or leachate from sanitary landfills), as well as the low investment in urban effluent treatment technologies, contributes to the contamination of aquatic environments. Thus, this work aims to describe and contextualize the thresholds of drugs to be considered as priority emerging contaminants in the country's environmental legislation as an environmental requirement for the monitoring of treated effluents. Com o crescimento da população, os cuidados à saúde em todo o mundo dependem fortemente do consumo de fármacos, refletindo na expansão e aumento contínuo do mercado global de medicamentos para demanda populacional. Embora os benefícios do uso responsável dessas substâncias para saúde humana sejam reconhecidos, há, no ...
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