Convergent evolution and horizontal gene transfer in Arctic Ocean microalgae

• Published in: Life Science Alliance
• Main Authors: Dorrell, Richard, Kuo, Alan, Füssy, Zoltan, Richardson, Elisabeth, Salamov, Asaf, Zarevski, Nikola, Freyria, Nastasia, Ibarbalz, Federico, Jenkins, Jerry, Karlusich, Juan Jose Pierella, Steindorff, Andrei Stecca, Edgar, Robyn, Handley, Lori, Lail, Kathleen, Lipzen, Anna, Lombard, Vincent, Mcfarlane, John, Nef, Charlotte, Novák Vanclová, Anna M.G., Peng, Yi, Plott, Chris, Potvin, Marianne, Vieira, Fabio Rocha Jimenez, Barry, Kerrie, Dacks, Joel, de Vargas, Colomban, Henrissat, Bernard, Pelletier, Eric, Schmutz, Jeremy, Wincker, Patrick, Bowler, Chris, Grigoriev, Igor, Lovejoy, Connie
• Other Authors: Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley (LBNL), Univerzita Karlova Praha, Česká republika = Charles University Prague, Czech Republic (UK), University of Alberta, Université Laval Québec (ULaval), HudsonAlpha Genome Sequencing Center, University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH), Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station biologique de Roscoff = Roscoff Marine Station (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), King Abdulaziz University, Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage Evry (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), ANR-21-CE02-0014,PanArctica,Caractérisation phylogénétique, écologique et physiologique de le pan-génome des algues Arctiques(2021), ANR-22-ERCS-0018,ChloroMosaic,Caractérisation moléculaire du réussite environnemental de la chloroplaste secondaire rouge(2022)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity; [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology; Antarc*; Antarctic; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Sea ice; Southern Ocean
• Online Access: https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03859139; https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03859139/document; https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03859139/file/Dorrell%202023%20Arctic%20LSA.pdf; https://doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202201833

International audience Microbial communities in the world ocean are affected strongly by oceanic circulation, creating characteristic marine biomes. The high connectivity of most of the ocean makes it difficult to disentangle selective retention of colonizing genotypes (with traits suited to biome specific conditions) from evolutionary selection, which would act on founder genotypes over time. The Arctic Ocean is exceptional with limited exchange with other oceans and ice covered since the last ice age. To test whether Arctic microalgal lineages evolved apart from algae in the global ocean, we sequenced four lineages of microalgae isolated from Arctic waters and sea ice. Here we show convergent evolution and highlight geographically limited HGT as an ecological adaptive force in the form of PFAM complements and horizontal acquisition of key adaptive genes. Notably, ice-binding proteins were acquired and horizontally transferred among Arctic strains. A comparison with Tara Oceans metagenomes and metatranscriptomes confirmed mostly Arctic distributions of these IBPs. The phylogeny of Arctic-specific genes indicated that these events were independent of bacterial-sourced HGTs in Antarctic Southern Ocean microalgae.