Examples of each vocal exchange type, excluding independent vocalizations.

Panel A: series of type E calls; Panel B: bout containing a type E call (B1), a potential call from another whale (B2)—note the difference in energy appearance on the spectrogram when compared to B1 and B3, and a second sound type (B3) believed to belong to Eistla as it has similar energy to B1; Pan...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Audra E. Ames (11349386), Susanna B. Blackwell (10013873), Outi M. Tervo (10013864), Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen (7869812)
Format: Still Image
Language:unknown
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Neuroscience
Evolutionary Biology
Ecology
Sociology
Infectious Diseases
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
stereotyped call type
monodon monoceros </
gregarious toothed whales
e .
biphonations
div >< p
provide additional support
contact call use
stereotyped mixed calls
hypothesize also contribute
narwhal mother produced
contact calls
provide evidence
narwhal mother
narwhal (<
calf contact
vocal signatures
strictly reside
sounds available
signal types
second prominent
remained close
mother ’
mostly descriptive
maintaining mother
life history
known regarding
individually distinctive
high arctic
determine whether
broad range
believe belonged
became apparent
Arctic
Monodon monoceros
narwhal*
toothed whales
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254393.g005
Description
Summary:Panel A: series of type E calls; Panel B: bout containing a type E call (B1), a potential call from another whale (B2)—note the difference in energy appearance on the spectrogram when compared to B1 and B3, and a second sound type (B3) believed to belong to Eistla as it has similar energy to B1; Panel C: a call and response exchange between type C (C1 and C3) and type E (C2). Spectrogram parameters: DFT size 512, 256 sample hop size, and Hann window 512 samples.

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