Multicriteria risk evaluation of coastal flooding in the greater Reykjavik area, Iceland

The effects of floods in coastal urban areas can be considerable, given the number and concentration of population, economic activities, and infrastructure. Floods can be caused by extreme weather events including storm floods. This flood risk is enhanced by sea level rise and by land subsidence. In...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Guarderas Hurtado, Nancy Janeth, 1970-
Other Authors: Háskóli Íslands
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/1946/24856
Description
Summary:The effects of floods in coastal urban areas can be considerable, given the number and concentration of population, economic activities, and infrastructure. Floods can be caused by extreme weather events including storm floods. This flood risk is enhanced by sea level rise and by land subsidence. In Iceland, the vast majority of the population and economic assets are concentrated in urban areas along the coastline, in particular within the municipalities in the Greater Reykjavik Area. In this thesis presents the result of a multicriteria flood risk assessment on the municipalities of Reykjavík and Seltjarnarnes. The methodology maps the risk within three aspects of risk, namely economic, social and environmental risk. A total of 14 elements at risk were selected to characterize these aspects, including the distribution of buildings and economic assets, population, cultural value, and environmentally sensitive areas. These criteria are combined through an additive weighting procedure in order to obtain multicriteria risk maps. The resulting maps show that the main areas at risk are the downtown Reykjavík area, the lower areas of the Seltjarnarnes peninsula, and the land filled areas. The maps show the increase of flood risk due to sea level rise and land subsidence. Áhrif flóða á þéttbýli er liggja að sjó geta verið veruleg vegna fólksfjölda, iðnaðar og viðskipta og innviða. Flóð geta orðið vegna veðurofsa og hækkun sjávaryfirborðs og landsig auka aðeins áhættuna. Langflest þéttbýlissvæði á Íslandi standa nærri sjó, sér í lagi á höfuðborgarsvæðinu. Í þessari ritgerð er unnið fjölþátta áhættumat fyrir Reykjavík og Seltjarnarnes. Þrír áhættuþættir eru kortlagðir með þeirri aðferðafræði sem hér er beitt, efnahagsleg-, félagsleg- og umhverfisáhætta. Alls eru 14 atriði notuð til að skilgreina þessa þætti, meðal annars, staðsetning bygginga og efnahagslegra verðmæta, samsetning íbúa, menningarleg verðmæti og viðkvæm náttúrusvæði. Þessi atriði eru vegin saman til að búa til fjölþátta áhættumatskort. Kortin sýna að þau ...