| Summary: | Selecting the most suitable transmission method has become extremely important due to the unstoppable growth of services, both in number and quality. This leads to the imposition of new challenges regarding the implementation of passive optical networks (PON), where are integrated the transceivers that need to operate as efficiently as possible (the management of the cost/performance ratio has become essential). The work presented in this document focuses on the study of the three most common techniques of modulation in an optical transmitter, EML (Externally Modulated Laser), DML (Directly Modulated Laser) and CML (Chirp Managed Laser). In this dissertation, a general analysis of the implementation of PONs is presented, followed by the study of the most essential optical components necessary to perform an optical communication through fiber. Here, the three modulation topologies used in transmitters are presented, which are subsequently tested, either by simulation or through experimental tests. The most detailed characterization was performed considering the CML architecture since it is both the less common and the less studied from the three, while at the same time presents a high potential with good performances associated with low implementation costs. Regarding the experimental tests, commercial XFPs (10 Gigabit Small Form Factor Pluggable) were used for the study of EML and DML, while for the study of CML, BOSAs (Bidirectional Optical Sub-Assemblies) prototypes under development were used. From this dissertation, it was possible to characterize and prove the expected performance by the different transceivers. The simulation results were, generally, supported by the experimental tests performed for the three modulation methods under study. Additionally, it was also possible to demonstrate the feasibility in the development of transceivers by PICadvanced, SA, that operate with the CML topology. One of the tested transceivers was already capable of reaching the requirements imposed by the XGS-PON standard, ...
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