The Cross-Cultural Invariance of the Servant Leadership Survey: A Comparative Study across Eight Countries

This paper tests and confirms the cross-cultural equivalence of the Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) in eight countries and languages: The Netherlands, Portugal, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Spain, Turkey and Finland. A composite sample consisting of 5201 respondents from eight countries that all filled...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dirk Van Dierendonck, Milton Sousa, Sigrún Gunnarsdóttir, Andrea Bobbio, Jari Hakanen, Armin Pircher Verdorfer, Emin Cihan Duyan, Raquel Rodriguez-Carvajal
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Subjects:
Iceland
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/7/2/8/pdf
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/7/2/8/
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Summary:This paper tests and confirms the cross-cultural equivalence of the Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) in eight countries and languages: The Netherlands, Portugal, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Spain, Turkey and Finland. A composite sample consisting of 5201 respondents from eight countries that all filled out the SLS was used. A three-step approach was adopted to test configural invariance, measurement equivalence, and structural equivalence. For the full 30-item version of the SLS, configural invariance and partial measurement equivalence were confirmed. Implications of these results for the use of the SLS within cross-cultural studies are discussed. servant leadership; cross-cultural; measurement equivalence

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