| Summary: | Two of the most significant developments in fisheries science are the single species virtual population analysis (SSVPA) and multi-species virtual population analysis (MSVPA). Since its development, MSVPA and its variants have been used in fish population studies, fish stock assessment, and the management of the fisheries in many parts of the world, including the North Sea, the Baltic Sea, the Barents Sea, the Bering Sea, Georges Bank, and the Benguela Current, and have been accepted as routine and essential tools for making efficient use of the world's major fisheries resources for food production, and for conserving and managing those resources. However, serious questions arise from the fact that some of their equations are “borrowed” straight from SSVPA, except for adding a species index. VPA; SSVPA; MSVPA; Models; Multi-species models; Population models; Fish;
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