Impact of September 2019 Antarctic Sudden Stratospheric Warming on Mid‐Latitude Ionosphere and Thermosphere Over North America and Europe

Limited observational evidence indicates that ionospheric changes caused by Arctic sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) occur at middle latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. However, it is not known if a similar interhemispheric linkage is produced by Antarctic SSWs. Here we examine thermospheric an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geophysical Research Letters
Main Authors: Goncharenko, Larisa P., Harvey, V. Lynn, Greer, Katelynn R., Zhang, Shun‐Rong, Coster, Anthea J., Paxton, Larry J.
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Subjects:
Research Letter
Antarctic
Arctic
Antarc*
Online Access:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9285337/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35844977
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094517
Description
Summary:Limited observational evidence indicates that ionospheric changes caused by Arctic sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) occur at middle latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. However, it is not known if a similar interhemispheric linkage is produced by Antarctic SSWs. Here we examine thermospheric and ionospheric anomalies observed in September 2019 at middle latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. We report persistent (at least 30 days) and strong (up to 80%–100%) positive anomalies in the daytime total electron content (TEC) and increases in the thermospheric O/N(2) ratio in the western region of North America. However, central and eastern regions of North America experience moderate suppression of TEC reaching 20%–40% of the baseline. Different positive and negative anomalies are observed over the European sector. We hypothesize that regional differences in the TEC response could be related to modulation of thermospheric winds during SSWs, changes in thermospheric composition, and differences in declination angle.

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