Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration
Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection in snow samples collected at 46 sites of Arkhangelsk as a world’s largest city above 64 degrees north latitude. The average, m...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8463559 2023-05-15T15:23:49+02:00 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration Kozhevnikov, A. Yu. Falev, D. I. Sypalov, S. A. Kozhevnikova, I. S. Kosyakov, D. S. 2021-09-24 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8463559/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34561520 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98386-x en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8463559/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34561520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98386-x © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Sci Rep Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98386-x 2021-10-03T00:48:44Z Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection in snow samples collected at 46 sites of Arkhangelsk as a world’s largest city above 64 degrees north latitude. The average, maximum and minimum PAH concentrations in snow were 168, 665, and 16 ng/kg, respectively. The average toxic equivalent value in benzo(a)pyrene units was 3.6 ng/kg, which is three-fold lower than the established maximum permissible concentration and considered an evidence of a low/moderate level of snow pollution with PAHs. The pollution origin was assessed using specific markers based on PAHs ratios in the studied samples. The pyrogenic sources of PAH emission were predominate, whereas the significant contributions from both transport and solid fuel combustion were observed. Benzo(a)pyrene concentrations are highly correlated with the levels of other PAHs with higher molecular weights. Text Arkhangelsk PubMed Central (PMC) Scientific Reports 11 1 |
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Article Kozhevnikov, A. Yu. Falev, D. I. Sypalov, S. A. Kozhevnikova, I. S. Kosyakov, D. S. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
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Article |
description |
Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection in snow samples collected at 46 sites of Arkhangelsk as a world’s largest city above 64 degrees north latitude. The average, maximum and minimum PAH concentrations in snow were 168, 665, and 16 ng/kg, respectively. The average toxic equivalent value in benzo(a)pyrene units was 3.6 ng/kg, which is three-fold lower than the established maximum permissible concentration and considered an evidence of a low/moderate level of snow pollution with PAHs. The pollution origin was assessed using specific markers based on PAHs ratios in the studied samples. The pyrogenic sources of PAH emission were predominate, whereas the significant contributions from both transport and solid fuel combustion were observed. Benzo(a)pyrene concentrations are highly correlated with the levels of other PAHs with higher molecular weights. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kozhevnikov, A. Yu. Falev, D. I. Sypalov, S. A. Kozhevnikova, I. S. Kosyakov, D. S. |
author_facet |
Kozhevnikov, A. Yu. Falev, D. I. Sypalov, S. A. Kozhevnikova, I. S. Kosyakov, D. S. |
author_sort |
Kozhevnikov, A. Yu. |
title |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
title_short |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
title_full |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
title_fullStr |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
title_sort |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snow cover of the northern city agglomeration |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8463559/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34561520 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98386-x |
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Arkhangelsk |
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Arkhangelsk |
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Sci Rep |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8463559/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34561520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98386-x |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98386-x |
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