Molecular Analysis of Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Resistance-Associated Alleles in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Nicaragua

Chloroquine (CQ) is used as a first-line therapy for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nicaragua. We investigated the prevalence of molecular markers associated with CQ and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in P. falciparum isolates obtained from the North Atlantic Autonomous...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Main Authors: Sridaran, Sankar, Rodriguez, Betzabe, Mercedes Soto, Aida, Macedo De Oliveira, Alexandre, Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2014
Subjects:
Articles
North Atlantic
Online Access:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4015575/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24615126
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0214
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Summary:Chloroquine (CQ) is used as a first-line therapy for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nicaragua. We investigated the prevalence of molecular markers associated with CQ and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in P. falciparum isolates obtained from the North Atlantic Autonomous Region of Nicaragua. Blood spots for this study were made available from a CQ and SP drug efficacy trial conducted in 2005 and also from a surveillance study performed in 2011. Polymorphisms in P. falciparum CQ resistance transporter, dihydrofolate reductase, and dihydropteroate synthase gene loci that are associated with resistance to CQ, pyrimethamine, and sulfadoxine, respectively, were detected by DNA sequencing. In the 2005 dataset, only 2 of 53 isolates had a CQ resistance allele (CVIET), 2 of 52 had a pyrimethamine resistance allele, and 1 of 49 had a sulfadoxine resistance allele. In the 2011 dataset, none of 45 isolates analyzed had CQ or SP resistance alleles.

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