Enhanced UV-B and Elevated CO2 Impacts Sub-Arctic Shrub Berry Abundance, Quality and Seed Germination

• Published in: AMBIO
• Main Authors: Gwynn-Jones, Dylan, Jones, Alan G., Waterhouse, Alice, Winters, Ana, Comont, David, Scullion, John, Gardias, Rosie, Graee, Bente J., Lee, John A., Callaghan, Terry V.
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Springer Netherlands 2012
• Subjects: Article; Arctic
• Online Access: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3535057; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22864699; https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-012-0311-4

This study investigated the effects of long-term-enhanced UV-B, and combined UV-B with elevated CO2 on dwarf shrub berry characteristics in a sub-arctic heath community. Germination of Vaccinium myrtillus was enhanced in seeds produced at elevated UV-B, but seed numbers and berry size were unaffected. Elevated UV-B and CO2 stimulated the abundance of V. myrtillus berries, whilst UV-B alone stimulated the berry abundance of V. vitis-idaea and Empetrum hermaphroditum. Enhanced UV-B reduced concentrations of several polyphenolics in V. myrtillus berries, whilst elevated CO2 increased quercetin glycosides in V. myrtillus, and syringetin glycosides and anthocyanins in E. hermaphroditum berries. UV-B × CO2 interactions were found for total anthocyanins, delphinidin-3-hexoside and peonidin-3-pentosidein in V. myrtillus berries but not E. hermaphroditum. Results suggest positive impacts of UV-B on the germination of V. myrtillus and species-specific impacts of UV-B × elevated CO2 on berry abundance and quality. The findings have relevance and implications for human and animal consumers plus seed dispersal and seedling establishment.