Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems
Determining how climate fluctuations affect ocean ecosystems requires an understanding of how biological and physical processes interact across a wide range of scales. Here we examine the role of physical and biological processes in generating fluctuations in the ecosystem around South Georgia in th...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The Royal Society
2007
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211519 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17939986 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2211519 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2211519 2023-05-15T14:04:18+02:00 Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems Murphy, Eugene J Trathan, Philip N Watkins, Jon L Reid, Keith Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Thorpe, Sally E Johnston, Nadine M Rothery, Peter 2007-10-17 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211519 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17939986 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211519 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17939986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 Copyright © 2007 The Royal Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2007 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 2013-09-01T13:45:15Z Determining how climate fluctuations affect ocean ecosystems requires an understanding of how biological and physical processes interact across a wide range of scales. Here we examine the role of physical and biological processes in generating fluctuations in the ecosystem around South Georgia in the South Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Anomalies in sea surface temperature (SST) in the South Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean have previously been shown to be generated through atmospheric teleconnections with El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related processes. These SST anomalies are propagated via the Antarctic Circumpolar Current into the South Atlantic (on time scales of more than 1 year), where ENSO and Southern Annular Mode-related atmospheric processes have a direct influence on short (less than six months) time scales. We find that across the South Atlantic sector, these changes in SST, and related fluctuations in winter sea ice extent, affect the recruitment and dispersal of Antarctic krill. This oceanographically driven variation in krill population dynamics and abundance in turn affects the breeding success of seabird and marine mammal predators that depend on krill as food. Such propagating anomalies, mediated through physical and trophic interactions, are likely to be an important component of variation in ocean ecosystems and affect responses to longer term change. Population models derived on the basis of these oceanic fluctuations indicate that plausible rates of regional warming of 1oC over the next 100 years could lead to more than a 95% reduction in the biomass and abundance of krill across the Scotia Sea by the end of the century. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Scotia Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Pacific Scotia Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274 1629 3057 3067 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Research Article |
spellingShingle |
Research Article Murphy, Eugene J Trathan, Philip N Watkins, Jon L Reid, Keith Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Thorpe, Sally E Johnston, Nadine M Rothery, Peter Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
Determining how climate fluctuations affect ocean ecosystems requires an understanding of how biological and physical processes interact across a wide range of scales. Here we examine the role of physical and biological processes in generating fluctuations in the ecosystem around South Georgia in the South Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Anomalies in sea surface temperature (SST) in the South Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean have previously been shown to be generated through atmospheric teleconnections with El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related processes. These SST anomalies are propagated via the Antarctic Circumpolar Current into the South Atlantic (on time scales of more than 1 year), where ENSO and Southern Annular Mode-related atmospheric processes have a direct influence on short (less than six months) time scales. We find that across the South Atlantic sector, these changes in SST, and related fluctuations in winter sea ice extent, affect the recruitment and dispersal of Antarctic krill. This oceanographically driven variation in krill population dynamics and abundance in turn affects the breeding success of seabird and marine mammal predators that depend on krill as food. Such propagating anomalies, mediated through physical and trophic interactions, are likely to be an important component of variation in ocean ecosystems and affect responses to longer term change. Population models derived on the basis of these oceanic fluctuations indicate that plausible rates of regional warming of 1oC over the next 100 years could lead to more than a 95% reduction in the biomass and abundance of krill across the Scotia Sea by the end of the century. |
format |
Text |
author |
Murphy, Eugene J Trathan, Philip N Watkins, Jon L Reid, Keith Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Thorpe, Sally E Johnston, Nadine M Rothery, Peter |
author_facet |
Murphy, Eugene J Trathan, Philip N Watkins, Jon L Reid, Keith Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Thorpe, Sally E Johnston, Nadine M Rothery, Peter |
author_sort |
Murphy, Eugene J |
title |
Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems |
title_short |
Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems |
title_full |
Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climatically driven fluctuations in Southern Ocean ecosystems |
title_sort |
climatically driven fluctuations in southern ocean ecosystems |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211519 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17939986 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 |
geographic |
Antarctic Pacific Scotia Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Pacific Scotia Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Scotia Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Scotia Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211519 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17939986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2007 The Royal Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1180 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
274 |
container_issue |
1629 |
container_start_page |
3057 |
op_container_end_page |
3067 |
_version_ |
1766275339005198336 |