Future strengthening of the Nordic Seas overturning circulation

The overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas involves the transformation of warm Atlantic waters into cold, dense overflows. These overflow waters return to the North Atlantic and form the headwaters to the deep limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). The Nordic Seas are th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature Communications
Main Authors: Årthun, Marius, Asbjørnsen, Helene, Chafik, Léon, Johnson, Helen L., Våge, Kjetil
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Subjects:
Article
Nordic Seas
North Atlantic
Online Access:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10097703/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37045812
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37846-6
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Summary:The overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas involves the transformation of warm Atlantic waters into cold, dense overflows. These overflow waters return to the North Atlantic and form the headwaters to the deep limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). The Nordic Seas are thus a key component of the AMOC. However, little is known about the response of the overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas to future climate change. Here we show using global climate models that, in contrast to the North Atlantic, the simulated density-space overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas increases throughout most of the 21st century as a result of enhanced horizontal circulation and a strengthened zonal density gradient. The increased Nordic Seas overturning is furthermore manifested in the overturning circulation in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic. A strengthened Nordic Seas overturning circulation could therefore be a stabilizing factor in the future AMOC.

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