纖維質のアルコール化に関する研究

• Main Author: 辰巳 忠次
• Format: Report
• Language: Japanese
• Published: University of Osaka Prefecture 1955
• Subjects: Tundra
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10466/2747; https://omu.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=9657; https://omu.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=9657&item_no=1&attribute_id=19&file_no=1

Saccharification of various kinds of cellulose materials, including woods and barks of mulberry tree, cotton plant, bog-moss in the tundra of Saghalien, rice and barley straws, rice hulls etc., was carried by dilute sulphuric acid under pressure with an apparatus of Scholler's type which was planned by the author. It was found that saccharification of cellulose materials, especially of bog-moss is well achieved, if they are removed of humic acid beforehand with diluted ammonia and hydrolysed fractionally. Among various strains of yeasts, a kind of distilley yeast suitable for fermentation of saccharified solution was selected, and no inhibitting substance to the yeast was detected, though 0.82g of furfurol, 0.021g of hydroxymethylfurfurol and 3.25g of volatile acids were produced by decomposition of 100g of mulberry tree in the saccharified solutions. Sugars in the solutions were investigated by the method of paper chromatograph and the presence of glucose, mannose, arabinose and xylose was verified. Thus, in decomposing 100g of bog-moss by dilute acid at 130℃ and 150℃, about 30g of sugars was obtained and then about 9g of alcohol was produced by fermentation of saccharified solution. About 33g of sugar and then about 10g of alcohol were obtained by decomposition of 100g of mulberry tree with dilute acid at 180℃. Production of yeast from the saccharified solutions was investigated, especially pentose-assimilable yeasts (isolated by the author and named Torulopsis xylinus). In saccharified solutions from 100g of bog-moss or mulberry tree, about 9.5g or 8.9g of yeast was produced respectively. In order to know the availability of constituents of the spent wash, distilly waste liquor of the alcohol solution obtained from the saccharified solution of mulberry tree, experiments were carried out. During 120 hours ordinary culture, 1/3 parts of reducing sugars, including more than 2/3 parts of pentose, were consumed. It was pointed out that small amount of organic matters other than sugars was assimilated. No ...