Restauration de la Biodiversité : le cas des poissons migrateurs dans la Meuse.

peer reviewed During the 19th century amphibiotic anadromous migratory fish (sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus; river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis; european sturgeon Acipenser studio; Atlantic salmon Salmo salar;sea trout Salmo trutta trutta; hooting Coregonus oxyrhinchus; allis shad Alosa alosa; twaid...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Philippart, Jean-Claude
Format: Conference Object
Language:French
Published: IRSNB 2003
Subjects:
Online Access:https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/241333
https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/241333/3/BIOL73sup-75-84.pdf
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Summary:peer reviewed During the 19th century amphibiotic anadromous migratory fish (sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus; river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis; european sturgeon Acipenser studio; Atlantic salmon Salmo salar;sea trout Salmo trutta trutta; hooting Coregonus oxyrhinchus; allis shad Alosa alosa; twaide shad Alosa fallax) were widespread in the entire River Meuse basin, and commercial fisheries were prosperous in France, Belgium and the Netherlands. From 1800 onwards, the bulding of navigation weirs on the the River Meuse, the increase of industrial and urban water pollution, and the overexploitation of riverine fish stocks caused the regression and extinction of these migratory fish populations (the Atlantic salmon became extinct in the 1930's). The capture of several individuals of sea trout in 1983 in a small tributary the Meuse at the Belgian -Dutch border triggered the idea of attempting to restore an Atllantic salmon run in the Meuse river system. A "Meuse 2000 Project" started in 1987 as a contribution of Wallonia to the European Year of Environnement .A first facet of this program consisted in assessing the carrying capacity of nursery streams in the Belgian Ardennes by means of of experimental reintroduction stockings (with fish from Scottish, Irish and French origin) into selected salmonid streams in order to demonstrate the good ecological quality of these habitats. The second, most difficult and expensive facet of the program me focused on the restoration of fluvial connectivity and free circulation of upstream migrating adult fish. In 1998-2001, modern fish-passes have been built at three navigation weirs on the Belgian Meuse between the Belgian-Dutch border and Liege, complementing a series of new fishways constructed since 1989 at five of the seven weirs obstructing the Dutch Meuse. Since 2000 , the International Commission for the Protection of the Meuse has been coordinating actions towards restoring the free circulation (upstream and downstream) of Atlantic salmon and other amphibiotic species ...