Analysis of the SYSDIET Healthy Nordic Diet randomized trial based on metabolic profiling reveal beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and blood lipids

• Published in: Clinical Nutrition
• Main Authors: Gürdeniz, Gözde, Uusitupa, Matti, Hermansen, Kjeld, Savolainen, Markku J., Schwab, Ursula, Kolehmainen, Marjukka, Brader, Lea, Cloetens, Lieselotte, Herzig, Karl Heinz, Hukkanen, Janne, Rosqvist, Fredrik, Ulven, Stine Marie, Gunnarsdóttir, Ingibjörg, Þórsdóttir, Inga, Oresic, Matej, Poutanen, Kaisa S., Risérus, Ulf, Åkesson, Björn, Dragsted, Lars Ove
• Other Authors: Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Other departments, Health Sciences, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2022
• Subjects: Mataræði; Efnaskipti; Slembuð samanburðarrannsókn; Norðurlönd; SYSDIET Healthy Nordic Diet; Næringarfræðingar; Glucose and lipid metabolism; Healthy Nordic diet; LC–MS metabolomics; Plasma metabolite scores; Randomized controlled trial; Nutrition and Dietetics; Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine; Iceland
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/3048; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.12.031

Funding Information: Systems biology in controlled dietary interventions and cohort studies (SYSDIET) is one of the three projects in the Nordic Centre of Excellence Programme on Food, Nutrition and Health nominated and funded by NordForsk for years 2007–2012 (SYSDIET; 070014). The SYSDIET intervention was also funded by the Academy of Finland, Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, The Sigfrid Juselius Foundation, and EVO funding from Kuopio University Hospital (Finland); the Druvan Foundation, ESPEN, Skåne County Council Research and Development Foundation, The Heart-Lung Foundation, Diabetesfonden, and Foundation Cerealia (Sweden), The Danish Obesity Research Centre (DanORC, www.danorc.dk), The Danish Council for Strategic Research (DairyHealth, BioFunCarb, FoodBAll) (Denmark), The Agricultural Productivity Fund, The Research Fund of the University of Iceland (Iceland). The metabolomics analysis was supported by a Semper Ardens grant on biomarkers from the Carlsberg Foundation to LOD. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors Background & aims: Intake assessment in multicenter trials is challenging, yet important for accurate outcome evaluation. The present study aimed to characterize a multicenter randomized controlled trial with a healthy Nordic diet (HND) compared to a Control diet (CD) by plasma and urine metabolic profiles and to associate them with cardiometabolic markers. Methods: During 18–24 weeks of intervention, 200 participants with metabolic syndrome were advised at six centres to eat either HND (e.g. whole-grain products, berries, rapeseed oil, fish and low-fat dairy) or CD while being weight stable. Of these 166/159 completers delivered blood/urine samples. Metabolic profiles of fasting plasma and 24 h pooled urine were analysed to identify characteristic diet-related patterns. Principal components analysis (PCA) scores (i.e. PC1 and PC2 scores) were used to test their combined effect on blood glucose response (primary endpoint), serum ...