| Summary: | Cet article se concentre sur l’histoire politique et culturelle des Komis permiaks, qui ont obtenu en 1925 de Moscou la possibilité d’avoir un territoire qui porte leur nom, avec des institutions leur permettant de développer leur culture. Il entend présenter un contexte qui permettra au lecteur de mieux apprécier le film inclus dans cet ouvrage. C’est pourquoi dans l’article je ne présente pas des considérations très approfondies sur la situation actuelle. I shall focus on the history and the culture of the Komi-Permyak, who were given autonomy in 1925 within the Soviet Russian Federation. Firstly I shall recall the colonisation of the Komi-Permyak area and the historical fact of its inhabitants being the only Finno-Ugric community to be enslaved to the Stroganovs as serfs. When, after 1917, the Komi communists, who struggled for Komi ideals, attempted to unify the Komi, including the Permyak, within the Komi autonomous region, Moscow refused categorically and offered the Permyak an autonomy of their own. During the 1920s, the Permyak developed a written language, different from their northernmost kin, and started to develop their own culture on this basis. The intellectuals had to achieve an enormous task: to codify their language, to teach it, to prepare textbooks, to write themselves, both journalistic and artistic literature, to write and stage theatre and even to play it. This process was interrupted by the Stalinist repressions, which just about eliminated a whole generation. After WWII, the Komi-Permyak region was the only one among the Finno-Ugric administrative units in which the indigenous population was still the majority: the area was too poor to attract a work force from outside. The language, which had resisted quite well, started to lose social prestige and the school reform allowing parents to choose the language for their children’s tuition further weakened the vernacular’s position. 2002 was a turning point in the Komi-Permyak area’s history: mainly for economic reasons, it was united with ...
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