| Summary: | Bill Marshall, pp. 3, 6, 20 Peter Webb, pp. 5 Barry McElvy, pp. 5 Colin Bull, pp. 7 Ralph Wheeler, pp. 8 Dr. Dalton, pp. 12 George Tony, pp. 12 Steve Barnes, pp. 12-13 Charlie Bentley, pp. 13 Walter Wood, pp. 19-20 Peter Wood, pp. 20 Bill Field, pp. 20 Jack Tedro, pp. 21, 39 Bob Patenaude, pp.21 Bert Crary, pp. 21, 25, 27, 37 Max Kiel, pp. 21 Lieutenant Jones, pp. 25, 27 Phil Smith, pp. 25-26, 58-59 Major Skip Dawson, pp. 25-26 Pat Mayer, pp. 28 Dr. Sladen, pp. 28 Bill Littlewood, pp. 30 Major Foster, pp.32 Bert Falcon, pp. 32 Dick Ragle, pp. 34 Lieutenant Stokes, pp. 37 Lyle McGinnis, pp. 37 Harry Francis (?) Bob Lang, pp. 39 Chester Langway, pp. 39-40 Walter Shute, pp. 39-40 Charles Swithenbank, pp. 39-40, 63, 76 Marge Gow, pp. 41, 44 Martin Pomerantz, pp. 44, 47, 108 Nash Hills, pp. 46 Lyle Hanson, pp. 49, 61 Herb Ueda, pp. 49 Don Garfield, pp. 49 Arthur Reese, pp. 53 Austin Kovaks, pp. 56, 84, 87, 89, 91, 105 Willy Weeks, pp. 58-59, 83-85, 98, 108 Bill Jacoby, pp. 66 ________Herbst, pp. 66 ________Epstein, pp. 67, 76 Peter Krill, pp. 67 ________Sharp, pp. 76 ________Dansgard, pp. 76 Andrew Leseur, pp. 82-83 Bill Hibler, pp. 84-85 Steve Mock, pp. 84-85 Terry Tucker, pp. 84, 107, 110-111, 160 ________Barnes, pp. 88 ________Reimnitz, pp. 88, 90 Katie Dickerson, pp. 90, 92 Jack Lendfers, pp. 91 Ian Whillans, pp. 97 Dick Cameron, pp. 99 Steve Arcone, pp. 103, 145 Ken Jezek, pp. 103, 105 Don Pervich, pp. 105 _______Kurtin, pp. 114 John Kelly, pp. 118 Paul Mayewski, pp. 119, 135, 145, 147-148 Wally Broecker, pp. 130, 133 Peter Wilkness, pp. 132 Herman Zimmerman, pp. 132 Todd _____, pp. 132-133 Richard Alley, pp. 135-136 Deb Messe, pp. 135-136, 148 Mary Albert, pp. 136 Ken Taylor, pp. 140 Bob Warton, pp. 140 Herman Englehart, pp. 141, 157 Bart Buchanan, pp. 141 Dave Bromwich, pp. 143 Tom Delaney, pp. 145 George Denton, pp. 147 Terry Hughes, pp. 147 Al Bowens, pp. 147 Greg Zewinski, pp. 147 Julie Palais, pp. 148 Phil Kyle, pp. 148 Igor Zotikov, pp. 153-155 ________Kodikov, pp. 158 Dr. Gow described his early life and education through the Doctor of Science in New Zealand. In 1957, he accepted a position with the Snow, Ice, and Permafrost Research Establishment (SIPRE) and joined the ice core drilling team. The traveling to Byrd Station from New Zealand included stopping at McMurdo and Little America. In early February, they had drilled to 309 meters. When he arrived, the Byrd Station was partially buried. The first drill could remove 20 ft. (?) cores. Compressed air was the drilling fluid. The cores were sent to the SIPRE laboratory in Winnetka, Illinois. Dr. Gow was assigned to the Arctic Institute of North America in Winnetka. He described the transport of ice core to Illinois. He returned to Little America and after drilling 258 meters, reached the bottom of the Ross Ice Shelf. In January, 1959, he helped close down the IGY station. In 1960-61 Dr. Gow returned to Antarctica to study the plastic defamation and the temperatures in the drill holes. The new Byrd Station was very spacious. With new equipment they drilled 2164 meters, the bottom of the ice sheet. On the Dailey Islands, he cored the Koetlitz Ice Tongue because the glacial ice was changed to sea ice. They discovered a big layer of liquid fresh water between the ice and the seawater. When the material under the glacier was gravel, it was difficult to remove the bottom core of ice. Dr. Gow summarized changes that occur with a core as it is sampled; with time, the air bubbles dissolved into the ice to form a gas hydrate. For one ice core, they identified over 2000 major depositions of volcanic ash. Comparing ice core from the Arctic to core from the Antarctic, major climate changes occurred almost simultaneously. In the 1970s, Dr. Gow went to Norwald Island to study the deformational processes in sea ice. The alignment of ice crystals was controlled by the current of water underneath the sea ice. In the late 1970s, he did research on floe bergs. He photographed the formation of a pressure ridge (sails) on Katie’s floe berg. Between 1976 and 1978 Dr. Gow spent summers in the Arctic and Antarctic. In the Antarctic he studied the processes causing changes in the ice shelf in McMurdo Sound. The ice shelf had a porous firn and water flowed through the ice like an aquifer. The flow of water could be tracked with radar. The brine wave could be over six times saltier than the ocean. Beginning in 1983, Dr. Gow worked on the remote sensing properties of sea ice in the Arctic. To obtain a composite picture, many disciplines had to be involved. The MIZEX, CRRELEX, and CEAREX groups were multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional. In 1989 the Greenland Ice Sheet Project was started. The ice core permitted accurate dating for 40,000 years. Average temperature started increasing about 10,000 years ago. Dr. Gow returned to Antarctica in 1997 for the drilling of Siple Dome. After retirement, Dr. Gow continues to be associated with ice core projects. Near the end of the interview, he described his relationship with Russian polar scientists. The interview covers five decades of research in the Arctic and Antarctic. Major Topics Dr. Gow’s educational background in New Zealand SIPRE group Cross-polarizers The collection and transportation of ice cores The conversion of glacial ice to sea ice Ice core drilling procedures Brine wave migration The use of satellites to measure ice properties MIZEK, CRRELEX, CEAREX projects EISP gas analysis project The role of ice cores to determine climate changes Funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation.
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