Early life microbial exposures shape the Crassostrea gigas immune system for lifelong and intergenerational disease protection

Background: The interaction of organisms with their surrounding microbial communities influences many biological processes, a notable example of which is the shaping of the immune system in early life. In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, the role of the environmental microbial community on imm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microbiome
Main Authors: Fallet, Manon, Montagnani, Caroline, Petton, Bruno, Dantan, Luc, de Lorgeril, Julien, Comarmond, Sébastien, Chaparro, Cristian, Toulza, Eve, Boitard, Simon, Escoubas, Jean-Michel, Vergnes, Agnès, Le Grand, Jacqueline, Bulla, Ingo, Gueguen, Yannick, Vidal-Dupiol, Jérémie, Grunau, Christoph, Mitta, Guillaume, Cosseau, Céline
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: IHPE, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Montpellier, Univ. Perpignan via Domitia, Perpignan, France 2022
Subjects:
Oyster
Aquaculture
Microbiota
Innate immune shaping
Epigenetic
DNA methylation
Biological Sciences
Biologiska vetenskaper
Environmental Sciences
Miljövetenskap
Pacific
Crassostrea gigas
Pacific oyster
Online Access:http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-108221
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01280-5
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Summary:Background: The interaction of organisms with their surrounding microbial communities influences many biological processes, a notable example of which is the shaping of the immune system in early life. In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, the role of the environmental microbial community on immune system maturation — and, importantly, protection from infectious disease — is still an open question. Results: Here, we demonstrate that early life microbial exposure durably improves oyster survival when challenged with the pathogen causing Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), both in the exposed generation and in the subsequent one. Combining microbiota, transcriptomic, genetic, and epigenetic analyses, we show that the microbial exposure induced changes in epigenetic marks and a reprogramming of immune gene expression leading to long-term and intergenerational immune protection against POMS. Conclusions: We anticipate that this protection likely extends to additional pathogens and may prove to be an important new strategy for safeguarding oyster aquaculture efforts from infectious disease Funding agencies: LabEx "CeMEB" through the Environmental Epigenomics Platform ANR-10-LABX-04-01 LabEx "TULIP" ANR-10-LABX-41 University of Perpignan Via Domitia ED305 Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) ANR-14-CE19-0023

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