The Jekyll-and-Hyde theory on the Example of Agarophyton vermiculophyllum
Microbiomes are omnipresent companions of macro organisms. Survival and fitness of individuals depends on them. Many human diseases originate in a shift of microbiome, and it cannot be excluded that marine organisms are suffering from the same issue. Complex symbiotic systems depend on numerous fact...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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2020
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| Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59419/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59419/1/Ba_Drescher_J_2020.pdf |
| Summary: | Microbiomes are omnipresent companions of macro organisms. Survival and fitness of individuals depends on them. Many human diseases originate in a shift of microbiome, and it cannot be excluded that marine organisms are suffering from the same issue. Complex symbiotic systems depend on numerous factors and can have devastating effects on the holobiont, which is the host along with its associated microorganisms, as an ecological unit. Marine organisms are exposed to prolonged ocean acidification and rising temperatures, leading to sustained pathological changes. Algal bleaching, also named "ice-ice" disease, is a pigmentary abnormality of different macro algae causing perish of the organisms. The "Jekyll & Hyde" theory verified, that symbiotic bacteria change from "friends" into "foes" through environmental conditions. These assays prove, for the first time, the dependence of A. vermiculophyllums microbiome on temperature. A. vermiculophyllum is a red algae, found around the northern hemisphere. Despite its ability to adapt, it is affected by this disease. Previous assays investigated its microbiome and assigned certain bacteria strains to it. 22 as protective or pathogenic classified strains and their metabolites were examined in this experiment. Tips of A. vermiculophyllum were inoculated with cells or supernatant of one strain at a time for five days at five different temperatures. Bleached tips were counted before and afterwards. The present data reveals new possibilities to investigate the microbiome of red algae and inches closer to the origin of algal bleaching. |
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