Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms
Marine organisms precipitate 0.5–2.0 Gt of carbon as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) every year with a profound impact on global biogeochemical element cycles. Biotic calcification relies on calcium ions (Ca2+) and generally on bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) as CaCO3 substrates and can be inhibited by high prot...
Published in: | Biogeosciences |
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Copernicus Publications (EGU)
2015
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/1/Bach%202015%20-%20Reconsidering%20the%20role%20of%20carbonate%20ion%20concentration%20in%20calcification%20by%20marine%20organisms.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:28810 2023-05-15T17:50:40+02:00 Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms Bach, Lennart T. 2015-08-19 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/1/Bach%202015%20-%20Reconsidering%20the%20role%20of%20carbonate%20ion%20concentration%20in%20calcification%20by%20marine%20organisms.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 en eng Copernicus Publications (EGU) https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/1/Bach%202015%20-%20Reconsidering%20the%20role%20of%20carbonate%20ion%20concentration%20in%20calcification%20by%20marine%20organisms.pdf Bach, L. T. (2015) Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms. Open Access Biogeosciences (BG), 12 . pp. 4939-4951. DOI 10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 <https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015>. doi:10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 cc_by_3.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed 2015 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 2023-04-07T15:19:21Z Marine organisms precipitate 0.5–2.0 Gt of carbon as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) every year with a profound impact on global biogeochemical element cycles. Biotic calcification relies on calcium ions (Ca2+) and generally on bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) as CaCO3 substrates and can be inhibited by high proton (H+) concentrations. The seawater concentration of carbonate ions (CO32−) and the CO32−-dependent CaCO3 saturation state (ΩCaCO3) seem to be irrelevant in this production process. Nevertheless, calcification rates and the success of calcifying organisms in the oceans often correlate surprisingly well with these two carbonate system parameters. This study addresses this dilemma through rearrangement of carbonate system equations which revealed an important proportionality between [CO32−] or ΩCaCO3 and the ratio of [HCO3−] to [H+]. Due to this proportionality, calcification rates will always correlate equally well with [HCO3−]/[H+] as with [CO32−] or ΩCaCO3 when temperature, salinity, and pressure are constant. Hence, [CO32−] and ΩCaCO3 may simply be very good proxies for the control by [HCO3−]/[H+] where [HCO3−] would be the inorganic carbon substrate and [H+] would function as calcification inhibitor. If the "substrate-inhibitor ratio" (i.e. [HCO3−]/[H+]) rather than [CO32−] or ΩCaCO3 controls CaCO3 formation then some of the most common paradigms in ocean acidification research need to be reviewed. For example, the absence of a latitudinal gradient in [HCO3−]/[H+] in contrast to [CO32−] and ΩCaCO3 could modify the common assumption that high latitudes are affected most severely by ocean acidification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Biogeosciences 12 16 4939 4951 |
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Open Polar |
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OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
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ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Marine organisms precipitate 0.5–2.0 Gt of carbon as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) every year with a profound impact on global biogeochemical element cycles. Biotic calcification relies on calcium ions (Ca2+) and generally on bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) as CaCO3 substrates and can be inhibited by high proton (H+) concentrations. The seawater concentration of carbonate ions (CO32−) and the CO32−-dependent CaCO3 saturation state (ΩCaCO3) seem to be irrelevant in this production process. Nevertheless, calcification rates and the success of calcifying organisms in the oceans often correlate surprisingly well with these two carbonate system parameters. This study addresses this dilemma through rearrangement of carbonate system equations which revealed an important proportionality between [CO32−] or ΩCaCO3 and the ratio of [HCO3−] to [H+]. Due to this proportionality, calcification rates will always correlate equally well with [HCO3−]/[H+] as with [CO32−] or ΩCaCO3 when temperature, salinity, and pressure are constant. Hence, [CO32−] and ΩCaCO3 may simply be very good proxies for the control by [HCO3−]/[H+] where [HCO3−] would be the inorganic carbon substrate and [H+] would function as calcification inhibitor. If the "substrate-inhibitor ratio" (i.e. [HCO3−]/[H+]) rather than [CO32−] or ΩCaCO3 controls CaCO3 formation then some of the most common paradigms in ocean acidification research need to be reviewed. For example, the absence of a latitudinal gradient in [HCO3−]/[H+] in contrast to [CO32−] and ΩCaCO3 could modify the common assumption that high latitudes are affected most severely by ocean acidification. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bach, Lennart T. |
spellingShingle |
Bach, Lennart T. Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
author_facet |
Bach, Lennart T. |
author_sort |
Bach, Lennart T. |
title |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_short |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_full |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_fullStr |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_sort |
reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications (EGU) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/1/Bach%202015%20-%20Reconsidering%20the%20role%20of%20carbonate%20ion%20concentration%20in%20calcification%20by%20marine%20organisms.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/28810/1/Bach%202015%20-%20Reconsidering%20the%20role%20of%20carbonate%20ion%20concentration%20in%20calcification%20by%20marine%20organisms.pdf Bach, L. T. (2015) Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms. Open Access Biogeosciences (BG), 12 . pp. 4939-4951. DOI 10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 <https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015>. doi:10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 |
op_rights |
cc_by_3.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
4939 |
op_container_end_page |
4951 |
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1766157523803439104 |