飼料中添加不同類胡蘿蔔素對赤鰭笛鯛體色之影響

• Main Authors: 曾偉誠, Tzeng, Wei-Cheng
• Other Authors: 廖文亮, 臺灣大學：漁業科學研究所
• Format: Text
• Language: Chinese; English
• Published: 2004
• Subjects: 赤鰭笛鯛; 體色; 類胡蘿蔔素; body coloration; carotenoids; red striped snapper; Arctic
• Online Access: http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/246246/59326; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/59326/1/ntu-93-R91243021-1.pdf

魚蝦類養殖過程中，常會在飼料中添加不同的類胡蘿蔔素，使養殖魚蝦能接近天然捕獲個體的體色表現。水產品的顏色常在市場上左右水產品的價格，且在已知的研究結果類胡蘿蔔素的添加除了可增色外，對某些水生生物的生理作用更有著重要的影響。赤鰭笛鯛為本省主要箱網養殖魚種之一，本實驗以其為實驗魚種，探討不同種類和不同型式的類胡蘿蔔素對其成長、體色及利用堆積的影響。 實驗分為兩部分，在實驗一飼料中分別添加螺旋藻粉和還原蝦紅素，使其類胡蘿蔔素含量在50 mg/kg diet和100 mg/kg diet，餵食8個星期。實驗二在飼料中分別添加β-胡蘿蔔素、還原蝦紅素和南極蝦粉，使其類胡蘿蔔素含量在50 mg/kg diet和100 mg/kg diet，餵食6個星期，實驗後測定生長及色差計量化體表顏色，並分離魚皮進行色素萃取分析。 由結果顯示在赤鰭笛鯛的飼料中添加類胡蘿蔔素對成長及飼料效率沒有影響，但是可有效加強體色表現，根據色差計測得數據證實紅色和黃色程度有提升。第一次實驗結果顯示，飼養類胡蘿蔔素的組別色彩差異（△E）平均值可達8.6-13.3，各組有添加類胡蘿蔔素組別的魚皮累積總類胡蘿蔔素量為0.99-1.62 mg/100 g tissue，添加螺旋藻使類胡蘿蔔素含量為100 mg/ kg diet的效果最好；第二次實驗結果顯示，飼養類胡蘿蔔素的組別色彩差異平均值可達7.0-9.0，各組有添加類胡蘿蔔素組別的魚皮累積總類胡蘿蔔素量為0.36-1.74 mg/100 g tissue，添加人工還原蝦紅素使類胡蘿蔔素含量為100 mg/kg diet的效果最好。 The price of cultivars are commonly contingent to the flesh quality and the coloration of products, and consequently, commercial feeds are often supplemented with various carotenoids in the intensive culture practice of aquatic organisms, intended for improved culture efficiency and value-added. Literature indicated that carotenoids supplementation did not enhance pigmentation of cultivars, but evidently played important physiological roles. The red striped snapper, Lutjanus erythropterus, an economically important marine fish, has been extensively cage-cultured in the off-shore waters of Taiwan. The objective of this study is aimed to elucidate the effects of carotenoid supplements of various forms on the growth performance and pigmentation of the fish. Experimental feeds are supplemented with Spirulina and astaxanthin with two different carotenoid contents, 50 and 100 mg/kg diet in the experiment I, and were given to the snappers for 8 weeks. In experiment II, the feeds, supplemented with β-carotene, synthetic astaxanthin and krill meal, contained two different carotenoid contents, 50 and 100 mg/kg diet, and the experiment was lasted for 6 weeks. Fish skin were tested with tristimulus colorimeter, and further quantified for skin pigment. The results postulated that carotenoids have not obvious effects on the weight gain and feed efficiency, but improve pigmentation by enhanced a and b values in the red striped snappers. In the experiment I, the color of the fish varied from 8.6 to 13.3, while the total carotenoid contents ranged between 0.99 and 1.62 mg/100 g tissue in those fed with carotenoids. Similarly, the coloration of the snappers’ skins varied from 7.0 to 9.0, and the total carotenoid contents were between 0.36 and 1.74 mg/ 100g tissue in those groups fed with carotenoids in the experiment II. 目 錄 頁次 誌謝……………………………………………………………….I 中文摘要………………………………………………………… II 英文摘要………………………………………………………….III 目錄……………………………………………………………….IV 前言………………………………………………………………. 1 實驗一 飼料中添加不同種類胡蘿蔔素對赤鰭笛鯛體色呈現之影響 壹、 材料與方法………………………………………… 8 貳、 結果………………………………………………….13 參、 討論………………………………………………….16 實驗二 β-胡蘿蔔素與不同形式還原蝦紅素對赤鰭笛鯛體色呈現之影響 壹、 材料與方法……………………………………………….21 貳、 結果……………………………………………….……. 23 參、 討論……………………………………………….……. 26 總結………………………………………………………………… .30 參考文獻…………………………………………………………… .31 表與圖……………………………………………………………… .38