Diet Analysis of Burbot from Eastern Lake Michigan: 1999-2012

• Main Author: Hares, Casey J
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: unknown
• Published: NMU Commons 2014
• Subjects: burbot; Lake Michigan; round goby; non-native species; benthic; diet analysis; Aquaculture and Fisheries; Biology; Gorman; Burbot
• Online Access: https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/10; https://commons.nmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=theses

The Lake Michigan fish community has undergone many changes due to introduction of non-native species, climate shifts, and management actions. Managers need to understand the time course of these alterations, including the time-frame of impact on the food web in the lake. I used a collection (1999-2012) of diet samples from burbot from eastern Lake Michigan to evaluate temporal alterations in burbot diet with particular attention to non-native vs. native forage. Catch per unit effort (burbot/net · day) decreased from a high of 5.82 burbot/net · day (± 2.19) in 2001 to a low of 0.750 burbot/net · day (± 0.25) in 2010, which is consistent with declining burbot populations throughout the Great Lakes (Gorman and Sitar 2013; Stapanian et al. 2013). The collective contribution of sculpin (Cottus), alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), and ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) to burbot diet decreased from ~80% before 2006 to ~15% in 2012. During the same time span, round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) contribution to burbot diet increased from ~0% before 2006 to greater than 60% in 2012, implying nearly a complete diet shift of burbot in just six years. The diet shift suggests a change in feeding behavior from partially pelagic/benthic to almost entirely benthic, and a change in prey consumption from alewife/sculpin to round goby. This shift may and serve as a potential link to move the benthos from a nutrient sink to a nutrient source by utilizing round gobies and moving nutrients up the trophic web.