| Summary: | Kaishpau Gourneau While there is little information available to document the transition in leadership during this period, it is reported that Kaishpau Gourneau was chief of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa in 1882. (It is documented that Little Shell II lived at St. Joe but died in 1874. Little Shell III then became hereditary chief upon his father's death. Little Shell II lived near Plentywood, Montana, before coming to the Turtle Mountain in 1 887). Meanwhile, Docket 113 states that in 1882, Kaishpau Gourneau was Chief of the Pembina Band. Kaishpau Gourneau traveled to Washington, D.C., and served on a treaty delegation from the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa. Little Shell III, returned in 1882, called a meeting apparently not aware that Kaishpau was Chief. Chief Kakenowash (Flying Eagle) 1901-1930 Although not much information is available, early sources indicate Chief Kakenowash as succeeding Chief Little Shell in 1901. Kakenowash, in the 1900s, was photographed, along with a tribal council member, Henry Poitras. A letter from the Turtle Mountain Agency superintendent indicate that in January of 1917, Kakenowash, with his interpreter, Eustache Roussin, went to Washington, D.C., to represent the tribe. Louis Riel 1844-1885 Louis Riel was born on October 22, 1844, in St. Boniface, Manitoba. His father was Louis Riel Sr., and his mother was Julie Lajimodiere. He married Margaret Monette and they had two children. Riel was a strong, colorful, enigmatic man, fluent in four Native languages, along with French. Similar to many Metis, he spoke little English. Riel became an oblate novice and studied in Montreal, but returned west to the Red River and the Metis people. By 1869, the disappearance of the buffalo herds, the influx of settlers, instructions of foreign cultures, and political and religious elements, resulted in rising tension and apprehension by the Metis people. Dissatisfied with the Canadian government, Riel and his Metis followers led two rebellions. Following the defeat at the Battle of Batoche, Riel chose to surrender and stand trial so that at last, the Metis case could be heard. Riel was charged with high treason on July 6, 1885, a charge that called for the death penalty upon conviction. The jury consisted of six men, all of Protestant English stock. Riel Chapter Seven - Tribal-State Relationships 473
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