オーストラリア南極局における外来種持ち込み防止対策

• Main Authors: 辻本 惠, 伊村 智, Megumu Tsujimoto, Satoshi Imura
• Format: Report
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 情報・システム研究機構国立極地研究所 2013
• Subjects: Antarctic; Syowa Station; The Antarctic; Antarc*; Antarctica; Australian Antarctic Division
• Online Access: https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=9684; http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00009684/; https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=9684&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1

2009 年2 月15 日から23 日にかけて,オーストラリア南極局(AAD: Australian Antarctic Division,以下同様)で取り組まれている外来種持ち込み防止対策に関する調査を行った.(1)機材の管理,(2)装備品の管理,(3)積荷の管理,(4)観測隊員への教育の4 項目について施設見学やインタビューを行い,現場の状況と外来種持ち込み防止対策システムの全容を把握した.本調査により,AADでは南極における観測・設営活動に伴う外来種持ち込みの危険性を強く認識し,機材や装備品,積荷の管理から観測隊員への教育まで,細部にわたり包括的な外来種持ち込み防止対策を講じていることが明らかとなった.特にAAD で徹底されていた職員や観測隊員への教育活動は,我が国の南極観測事業においても極めて有効な手段であると考えられる.本調査結果を参考にした組織的な外来種持ち込み防止対策の立案により,昭和基地周辺の貴重な生態系の保全につながることが望まれる. From February 15th to 23rd in 2009, the authors surveyed biosecurity measures being implemented at Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) against non-native species introduction into Antarctica. By visiting facilities and conducting interviews, the authors managed to understand the entire system of the biosecurity measures and management policies at AAD and the situation on the ground in four topics, 1. Management of equipment and machinery, 2. Management of expeditioners＇ clothing and gear, 3. Management of cargo, and 4. Education on expeditioners. This study demonstrated AAD strongly recognizes the risk of transporting non-native species into Antarctica in association with various activities of the Antarctic program thus has implemented comprehensive management policies with a range of meticulous measures to minimize the risk through the management of equipment, gear, clothing, cargo and the education of expeditioners. The thorough education on the risk of biological invasion in Antarctica and thereby the importance of the biosecurity measures for the expeditioners and staff conducted at AAD in particular was considered highly effective. Consideration and development of the organizational biosecurity measures for the JARE operations basedupon the data presented in this study is recommended to promote the conservation of the pristine ecosystem in and around Syowa Station in Antarctica.